横风环境下高速列车运行安全性研究

Operation Safety of High-speed Trains under Crosswind Conditions

为研究不同横风(风向角为90°)环境下列车安全运行的临界速度,对横风速度分别为5、10、15、20、25、30、35 m/s,以及列车速度分别为200、250、300、350、400 km/h的多个工况用MATLB软件进行气动特性的数值模拟,得到不同工况下的气动载荷值,并选取中国高速铁路无砟轨道不平顺谱进行数值模拟;建立基于SIMPACK的高速列车多体系统动力学模型,以轨道不平顺谱转化的时域不平顺样本作为轨道不平顺激励,将其与得到的气动载荷值作为外部激励输入,对高速列车在不同工况下的车辆模型进行仿真和分析,得到不同风速和车速下的列车安全运行指标。给出不同风速下列车安全运行的最高速度限值,并通过数值拟合方法得到不同风速和车速下的高速列车运行安全域。结果表明,随着风速或车速的增大,轮轴横向力首先超出限值,应特别注意此指标对列车运行安全性的影响;在横风风速或列车运行速度过高时,需要进行一定的速度限值或加以一定的控制来保证列车运行安全性。

To study the critical speeds of safety operation for high-speed trains under different crosswind(with a wind direction angle of 90°),the crosswind speeds were set to 5,10,15,20,25,30,and 35 m/s,respectively,and multiple operating conditions with train speeds of 200,250,300,350,and 400 km/h were numerically simulated using MATLAB to obtain aerodynamic load values under different operating conditions,meanwhile,the irregularity spectrum of China s high-speed railway ballastless track was selected for numerical simulation.A multi-body system dynamics model for high-speed trains based on SIMPACK was established,using time-domain irregularity samples transformed from track irregularity spectra as track irregularity excitations,and the obtained aerodynamic load values were used as external excitation inputs to simulate and analyze the vehicle models of high-speed trains under different conditions,therefore,the safety operation indicators under different wind speeds and train speeds were obtained.The maximum speed limit for safety operation of high-speed trains under different wind speeds was given,and the safety operating range of high-speed trains was obtained by numerical fitting methods.The results showed that the lateral force of wheel shaft first exceeds the limit value with the increase of wind speed or vehicle speed,and special attention should be paid to the impact of the indicator on the safety operation of high-speed trains.When the crosswind wind speeds or train speeds is too high,it is necessary to set certain speed limits or adopt control measures to ensure the safety operation of train.