考虑容重比的车辆配载优化综述

Review of Vehicle Loading Problems Considering Capacity-to-Weight Ratio

零担货运具有货物品种多样,体积和重量变化大的特征,基于容重比的车辆配载优化可同时提升车辆载重率和容积利用率,进而大幅度降低物流成本,在交通和物流行业具有重要的研究价值。首先,介绍了考虑容重比的车辆配载优化问题及其数学规划模型,再针对求解该问题的算法进行分析归纳予以综述。目前,求解算法大多集中于精确算法和启发式算法以及智能优化算法。随着人工智能的发展,还可以考虑机器学习思想在相关方面的应用。最后对于考虑容重比的车辆配载优化在当前形势下面临的新挑战,提出几个未来在研究该问题时可以考虑研讨方向,期望能为考虑容重比的车辆配载优化研究提供参考。

Large variations in volume and weight are characteristics of less-than-truckload freight transport.The capacity-to-weight ratio-based vehicle loading optimization can increase both the vehicle loading rate and the volume utilization rate at the same time,which can significantly reduce logistics costs.It also has important scientific research value in the transportation and logistics industries.Firstly,the capacity-weight ratio-aware mathematical model was described for the vehicle loading optimization problem.Then the algorithms used to cope with the problem was went over.At present,the majority of solution algorithms concentrate on intelligent optimization algorithms,exact and heuristic algorithms.With the development of artificial intelligence,the application of machine learning ideas in relevant aspects can also be considered.Finally,it proposes several directions to be considered in future research on the optimization problem in the current situation and expects to provide a reference for the research on the optimization of vehicle loading considering the capacity ratio.