井工多采区叠加开采诱发地表变形规律

Law of Surface Deformation Induced by Superimposed Mining in Multi-mining Area

在矿山开采的过程中,煤层开采后工作面的上覆岩体产生变形并将变形传递至地表,发生移动变形,对采空区上方的建构筑物造成很大的影响。为了解决地表变形对构筑物造成破坏性影响的问题,以老虎台矿区工程地质资料及后续开采设计方案为背景,通过数值模拟方法对-280 m井工采区经历不同时段数次开采叠加作用诱发的地表变形与破坏范围进行研究,分别选取走向和倾向变化量最大的剖面N900剖面以及E5800剖面对其位移和沉降规律进行进一步研究。结果表明:伴随着采区开采的不断进行,上覆岩体受到临空面的影响,且伴随着叠加效应的影响,会使得岩体破坏的更为彻底和剧烈,不同时期多个采区叠加开采的地表沉降最大值达到-1.89 m,地表位移最大值达到0.43 m。可见:随着开采的进行而加剧地表移动,使得建筑物与地基之间的初始平衡状态被打破,并由此引发了建筑物的变形,在地表变形严重时,会使得建筑物发生破坏。

During the process of mining in a coal mine,the overlying rock mass above the working face undergoes deformation and transmits the deformation to the surface,leading to movement deformation.This has a significant impact on the structures above the mined-out area.In order to address the detrimental impact of surface deformation on structures,based on the engineering geological data and subsequent mining design at the Laohutai mining area,a study was conducted using numerical simulation methods.The research focused on the surface deformation and damage extent induced by multiple mining operations at the-280 m shaft mining area during different time periods.Profiles N900 and E5800,representing the maximum changes in trend and dip,were selected for further investigation into the displacement and settlement patterns.The results indicate that,with the continuous mining in the extraction area,the overlying rock mass is influenced by the free face.Moreover,the cumulative effects exacerbate the extent and severity of rock mass failure.The maximum surface settlement and surface displacement during the overlapping extraction of multiple mining areas reached-1.89 m and 0.43 m,respectively.It is evident that as mining progresses,surface movements intensify,which disrupt the initial equilibrium between structures and foundations.This disruption leads to structural deformation,and in cases of severe surface deformation,structural damage may occur.