雄蜂蛹的机械化生产及对狄斯瓦螨的防治效果

Mechanized production of drone pupae and its effectiveness in controlling Varroa destructor

狄斯瓦螨是侵害西方蜜蜂的最重要病虫害之一。近年来,由于狄斯瓦螨泛滥,尽管各种治螨方法层出不穷(例如烟熏杀螨、刷脾杀螨、选育抗螨虫的蜜蜂品种、超声波杀螨等),但是治螨效果仍不甚理想,本研究通过在大流蜜季节探索利用整张雄蜂巢础规模化生产雄蜂蛹,并利用发明的蜂蛹收割机集中收割雄蜂蛹,同时诱捕狄斯瓦螨。结果证明,该方法不仅能够大幅度降低瓦螨的寄生水平,为药物治螨赢得缓冲时间,同时也能减少蜂产品中的药物残留,为蜂农对狄斯瓦螨的防治提供参考。

Varroa mites are one of the most significant pests affecting Western honeybees.In recent years,despite various methods being developed to control mites(such as smoke fumigation,brushing to kill mites,breeding mite-resistant bee species,and ultrasound mite control),the effectiveness of mites control remains less than ideal.This study explores the large-scale production of drone pupae during the main honeyflow season,using an invented pupae harvesting machine to collect drone pupae and simultaneously trap Varroa mites.The results demonstrate that this method not only significantly reduces the parasitic levels of Varroa mites,providing a buffer time for chemical mite control,but also decreases residues in bee products,offering valuable insights for beekeepers in Varroa mites management.