过渡金属纳米酶的调控及其在食品检测中的应用

Regulation of transition metal nanozymes and application in food detection

与生物酶相比,高效过渡金属纳米酶凭借其多酶活性、可调酶活性、高稳定性以及低成本,在食品安全检测中展现了突出的应用潜力,在食品工业领域具有多样化的应用前景。近年来,这类纳米酶在食品检测领域的发展逐步扩大,检测物质种类不断拓宽,检出限不断降低,检测范围不断扩大,为食品安全快速检测提供了新途径。然而,相关应用仍存在提高特异性、酶活稳定性和降低生物毒性等困难,同时还需解决回收和成本效益等方面的问题。因此,本文从高效过渡金属纳米酶酶活性分类及其催化机制出发,围绕过渡金属纳米酶性能评价以及调控策略展开系统性论述,重点关注过渡金属纳米酶的类酶活性、性能调控方法,以及它们在食品安全快速检测领域的应用进展,以期为合理设计高性能纳米酶提供有效参考。

Compared with bioenzymes,efficient transition metal nanozymes show outstanding potential for application in food safety testing with diverse applications due to their multiple enzyme activities,adjustable enzyme activities,high stability,low cost,and they hold diverse application prospects in the field of food industry.In recent years,the development of nanozymes in the field of food detection has gradually expanded,the types of detected substances have been continuously broadened,the detection limit has been continuously reduced,and the detection range has been continuously expanded,providing a new way for food safety rapid inspection.However,related applications still have difficulties such as improving specificity and stability of enzyme activity and reducing biotoxicity,while aspects such as recycling and cost-effectiveness need to be addressed.Therefore,based on the classification of enzyme activity and its catalytic mechanism,this paper systematically discussed the performance evaluation and regulation strategies of transition metal nanozymes,focusing on the enzyme-like activity,performance regulation methods of transition metal nanozymes,and their application progress in the field of rapid detection of food safety.In order to provide an effective reference for the rational design of high-performance nanozymes.