β-紫罗兰酮生物合成及其关键限速酶CCDs的研究进展

Advances on the biosynthesis ofβ-ionone and its key rate-limiting enzyme carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases

β-紫罗兰酮是普遍存在于植物中的一种13个碳原子的萜类化合物,具有花香、果香和木香香韵,且具有抑制癌细胞增殖的活性,在食品和护理用品中应用广泛.天然β-紫罗兰酮主要通过植物提取获得,但植物中β-紫罗兰酮含量很低,难以满足市场需求.随着代谢工程和合成生物学的快速发展,β-紫罗兰酮的生物合成成为人们研究的焦点.作者主要对β-紫罗兰酮的生物合成途径、关键限速酶脱辅基类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶(carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases,CCDs)以及β-紫罗兰酮生物合成策略进行综述,并对当前研究的不足和未来研究方向进行了探讨,为今后以微生物为底盘的β-紫罗兰酮生物合成提供参考.

β-ionone commonly present in plants is a kind of terpenoid compound with 13 carbon atoms,which has floral fragrance,as well as fruity and woody aroma characteristics.Meanwhile,β-ionone has the activity of inhibiting cancer cell proliferation.Therefore,it is widely used in food industry and care products.Nowadays,naturalβ-ionone is mainly obtained from plants extraction,but the content ofβ-ionone in plants is very low,so it is difficult to meet the needs of market.As the rapid development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology,β-ionone biosynthesis has become the focus of people's research.This review mainly summarizesβ-ionone biosynthesis pathway,the key rate-limiting enzyme carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases(CCDs)and the strategies ofβ-ionone's biosynthesis,and discusses the shortcomings in current research and the future research direction ofβ-ionone biosynthesis,in order to provide reference for the biosynthesis ofβ-ionone based on microbial chasis in the future.