对外汉语教师课堂中的指令性言语行为

A Survey of TCFL Teachers’Directive Speech Act

对外汉语教师的指令语可以分为直接指令语和间接指令语。调查发现初级班和中级班的教师更倾向于使用表示邀请、合作的祈使句,高级班的教师更倾向于使用表示建议的祈使句。在使用间接指令语时,初级班和中级班的教师经常以师生为出发点来发出指令,而高级班的教师更倾向于使用以学生为出发点的指令语。这表明教师在不同的班级中会根据学生的水平和需求选择不同的指令语策略。

TCFL teachers’directive languages can be divided into direct language and indirect language.Teachers of elementary and intermediate classes are more inclined to use imperative sentences indicating invitation and cooperation,while teachers of advanced classes are more inclined to use imperative sentences indicating suggestion.When using indirect instruction,teachers of elementary and intermediate classes often give instructions from the common perspective of teachers and students,while teachers of advanced classes are more inclined to use instruction from the perspective of students.These results indicate that teachers choose different instruction strategies according to students’level and needs in different classes.