《天演论》在近代中国的传播及影响

On the Spread and Impact of“The Theory of Evolution”in Modern China

19世纪末的中国正处于内忧外患、生死存亡之际,鸦片战争强势打开我国国门,甲午战争的失败,清政府的腐败无能让西方列强掀起了瓜分中国的狂潮。严复作为“先进的中国人”积极寻求真理,救亡图存。《天演论》的公开出版为处于风雨飘摇中的中国开辟了一个崭新的历史时期。“物竞天择”“与天争胜”的进化论思想在中国掀起了一场思想风暴,给正处于困惑中的国人带来了新的希望和寄托,也对中国近代资产阶级革命的兴起与发展产生了巨大影响。

At the end of the 19th century,China was in the midst of internal and external troubles and survival.The Opium War opened China’s door strongly.The failure of the Sino-Japanese War and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government made the Western powers set off a frenzy of carving up China.As an“advanced Chinese”,Yan Fu actively sought the truth to save the nation and survive.The public publication of the Theory of Heaven opened up a new historical period for China which was in turmoil.The evolutional thoughts of“natural selection”and“competing with nature”set off an ideological storm in China,brought new hope and sustence to the people who were in confusion,and also had a huge impact on the rise and development of China’s modern bourgeois revolution.