非常规低渗透油藏开发用二氧化碳增稠剂研究现状

Current Research Status of Carbon Dioxide Thickeners for Unconventional Low-permeability Reservoir Development

针对我国如今常规油气的中、高渗透油层的储量减少、产能下降和新勘探的非常规低渗透油藏的地质条件复杂、开采难度大等问题,以及“双碳”战略目标的提出,国内石油产业亟需研究新的技术来提高石油采收率和减少碳排放。二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,CCUS)技术可作为一种长期有效减少碳排放的方法。CO_(2)驱油可有效提高采收率,但由于CO_(2)黏度低,在驱油后期极易产生黏性指进、气窜、过早突破等问题,故而增大CO_(2)黏度,是提高石油采收率的关键。通过文献整理对已报道的CO_(2)增稠剂研究进行总结,将其分为含氟类、烃类和聚硅氧烷类共3种CO_(2)增稠剂,并对其优缺点进行分析。该文献综述对非常规低渗透油藏CO_(2)驱油技术抑制气窜、提高波及体积有一定的借鉴意义和指导作用。

In response to the reduction in reserves and production capacity of conventional oil and gas reservoirs with medium and high permeability in China,as well as the complex geological conditions and difficult exploitation of newly explored unconventional low-permeability res-ervoir,and the proposal of"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"strategic goals,the petroleum industry in China urgently needs to research new tech-nologies to improve oil recovery and reduce carbon emissions.Carbon dioxide capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology can serve as a long-term and effective method for reducing carbon emissions.CO_(2)flooding can effectively improve oil recovery,but due to the low viscosity of CO_(2),it is prone to problems such as viscosity fingering,gas breakthrough,and premature breakthrough in the later stage of oil displacement.Therefore,increasing the viscosity of CO_(2)is the key to improving oil recovery.Based on the literature review,the reported researches on CO_(2)thickeners are summarized,which are divided into three types:fluorine-containing,hydrocarbon and polysiloxane,and their advantages and disadvantages are an-alyzed.This literature review has certain reference and guidance significance for CO_(2)flooding technology in unconventional low-permeability reser-voirs to suppress gas channeling and increase the affected volume.