临夏州青少年口腔健康调查及影响因素分析

Analysis of investigation and influencing factors of adolescent oral health in Linxia

目的调查临夏州青少年口腔健康情况及影响因素分析。方法采用随机抽样调查的方法对2019年8月至2020年1月临夏州贫困地区6~18岁青少年进行口腔健康调查。共回收有效样本780份,其中男生400名,女生380名。调查青少年口腔健康状况与生活习惯、饮食结构、家庭社会状况、水源质量和社区环境的关系。结果临夏州贫困地区不同性别青少年患龋齿例数和龋齿(颗)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);青少年患龋齿情况与刷牙频率、饮食习惯、酸性食物和饮料摄入频率、睡前进食、家长文化程度、家长口腔健康意识、定期检查、水源质量、社区环境有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示,刷牙频率(β=0.458,OR=1.579,95%CI:1.163~2.142)、饮食习惯(β=0.385,OR=1.471,95%CI:1.102~1.962)、酸性食物和饮料摄入频率(β=0.417,OR=1.516,95%CI:1.109~2.072)、睡前进食(β=0.347,OR=1.416,95%CI:1.062~1.888)、家长文化程度(β=0.478,OR=1.617,95%CI:1.162~2.251)、家长口腔健康意识(β=0.442,OR=1.555,95%CI:1.152~2.098)、定期检查(β=0.397,OR=1.486,95%CI:1.074~2.055)、水源质量(β=0.355,OR=1.422,95%CI:1.029~1.962)、社区环境(β=0.376,OR=1.457,95%CI:1.074~1.972)是青少年患龋齿的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论社会各界应重视贫困地区青少年口腔健康,关注口腔保健知识,引导青少年养成良好饮食和卫生习惯,定期到口腔医院护理牙齿,以预防龋病。

Objective To investigate the oral health of adolescents in Linxia and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A random sampling survey was used to investigate the oral health of the adolescents aged 6-18 in the poverty-stricken areas of Linxia from August 2019 to January 2020.A total of 780 valid samples were collected,which 400 boys and 380 girls.To investigate the relationship between adolescent oral health and living habits,diet structure,family social condition,water quality and community environment.Results There were no significant differences in the number of caries cases and caries(tooth)among different sex adolescents in Linxia(P>0.05).The incidence of dental caries in adolescents was related to the frequency of brushing teeth,eating habits,intake frequency of acidic food and beverage,eating before bed,parents'education level,parents'oral health awareness,regular inspection,water quality and community environment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that the frequency of brushing teeth(β=0.458,OR=1.579,95%CI:1.163-2.142)and eating habits(β=0.385,OR=1.471,95%CI:1.102-1.962),frequency of acidic food and beverage intake(β=0.417,OR=1.516,95%CI:1.109-2.072),bedtime eating(β=0.347,OR=1.416,95%CI:1.062-1.888),parental education level(β=0.478,OR=1.617,95%CI:1.162-2.251),parental oral health awareness(β=0.442,OR=1.555,95%CI:1.152-2.098),regular inspection(β=0.397,OR=1.486,95%CI:1.074-2.055),water quality(β=0.355,OR=1.422,95%CI:1.029-1.962)and community environment(β=0.376,OR=1.457,95%CI:1.074-1.972)were independent risk factors for dental caries in adolescents(P<0.05).Conclusion All social circles should pay attention to the oral health of adolescents in poor areas,pay attention to oral health knowledge,guide adolescents to develop good diet and hygiene habits,and take care of teeth in dental hospitals regularly to prevent caries.