欲望生产与民族国家共同体的构建——英国文艺复兴文学中的旅行冒险与殖民流散

Desire Production and Nation-state Community Construction——Travel Adventure and Colonial Diaspora in English Renaissance Literature

英国文艺复兴时期的旅行冒险与殖民流散创作将英国人的私欲同英国殖民政治紧密联系在一起。由英国社会问题引发的国家扩张欲是英国殖民生产力的核心。在埃德蒙·斯宾塞、沃尔特·罗利、威廉·莎士比亚和克里斯托弗·马洛等人的作品中,情欲是英国统治阶级共同体的黏合剂,暴力是英国殖民主义政治经济运作的必要手段。作家们将对情欲和暴力欲的描写从力比多本能层面提升至关乎个人和民族国家共同体发展的道德层面,使二者成为统一英国人思想的“社会资本”和构建早期大英帝国的驱动力。

During English Renaissance period,literature of travel adventure and colonial diaspora closely linked English people s personal desires with English colonial politics.The desire of national expansion generated by English social problems is at the core of English colonial productivity.In the works of Edmund Spencer,Walter Raleigh,William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe,lust is the glue of the British ruling class community,and violence is the necessary means for the political economy of English colonialism.The writers elevated the depiction of lust and violence from the level of libido instinct to the moral dimension of the development of the individual and the nation-state community,making them the“social capital”that unified English thought and the driving force for the development of the early British Empire.