商河县林业有害生物寄生性天敌昆虫和病毒及主要天敌的应用

Parasitic Natural Enemies and Viruses of Forestry Pests in Shanghe County and Applications of Major Natural Enemies

1990-2023年通过采集林业有害生物进行饲养及历次普查和灯光诱集,共记述商河县寄生性天敌昆虫4目20科113种,以膜翅目Hymenoptera姬蜂科Ichneumonidae、茧蜂科Braconidae、姬小蜂科Eulophidae、螯蜂科Dryinidae种类最多;病毒有1纲1目1科3种。分别于1998~2023年陆续发表2新属、9新种、6中国新记录种、7山东新记录种;本文新报道汤氏茧蜂Townesilitus sp.为山东新记录属、种,斑足顶姬蜂Acropimpla pictipes(Gravenhorst)为山东新记录种。各类寄生性天敌昆虫和病毒中,杨潜姬蜂Celata populus对台安丝潜叶蜂Fenusella taianensis、杨小舟蛾颗粒体病毒山东毒株MisiGV-SD和黑卵蜂Telenomus sp.等对杨小舟蛾Micromelalopha sieversi有很强寄生控制作用;白蛾聚集盘绒茧蜂Cotesia gregalis、舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂Pimpla disparis追寄蝇Exorista spp.对美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea有较高寄生率,其他天敌则对控制一般性有害生物、维护生物多样性、保持生态平衡发挥了重要作用。

From 1990 to 2023,through the collection of forestry pests for breeding,successive surveys and light trapping,a total of 115 species of parasitic natural enemies,belonging to four insect orders and 20 families,were recorded in Shanghe County,with the most species in Ichneumonidae,Braconidae,Eulophidae,and Dryinidae of Hymenoptera,and three virus species in one family.Two new genera,nine new species,six newly recorded species in China and seven newly recorded species in Shandong during 1998 to 2023.In the present paper,we reported Townesilitus sp.as a newly recorded genus and species in Shandong,and Acropimpla pictipes(Gravenhorst)as a newly recorded species in Shandong.Among those natural enemies,Celata populus had a strong control effect on Fenusella taianensis,MisiGV-SD and Telenomus sp.a strong control effect on Micromelalopha sieversi.Cotesia gregalis,Pimpla disparis and Exorista spp.have a high parasitism rate on Hyphantria cunea.Other natural enemies played an important role in controlling general pests,maintaining biodiversity,and preserving ecological balance.