陕西省县域经济发展差异的时空演化格局分析

Spatio-temporal Evolution Pattern of County-Level EconomicDevelopment Differences in Shaanxi Province

县域经济发展的时空差异研究对于揭示区域经济格局、推动县域经济高质量发展具有重要意义。选取陕西省107个县域行政区为案例区,采用标准差、变异系数、探索性空间数据分析法等方法探究2005~2022年陕西省县域经济发展水平的绝对差异、相对差异及其空间分异格局,并结合空间变差函数深入分析其空间分异的演化机理。结果表明:①陕西省县域经济的绝对差异整体呈现持续上升之后逐步下降的态势,表明陕西省各县域间经济发展的不平衡性开始减弱;相对差异经历了稳步上升到逐步下降的发展历程,陕西省各县域间经济发展逐渐由不平衡性向均衡性发展;②陕西省县域经济具有较强的空间依赖性,呈现高-高集聚区和低-低集聚分布的两极分化格局,整体呈现出“北强南弱”的空间格局;③陕西省县域经济差异不断缩小,由空间自相关引起的结构化分异不断减弱,东南-西北方向成为陕西省县域经济空间差异的主要方向;资源禀赋、经济区位、区域发展政策是陕西省县域经济差异空间格局演化的驱动力。

Research on the spatio-temporal differences in county-level economic development is significant for revealing regional economic patterns and promoting high-quality development of county economies.This study selects 107 county-level administrative regions in Shaanxi Province as case areas and employs methods such as standard deviation,coefficient of variation,and exploratory spatial data analysis to explore the absolute and relative differences in the level of county-level economic development in Shaanxi from 2005 to 2022,as well as its spatial differentiation patterns.It also deeply analyzes the evolution mechanism of spatial differentiation by combining the spatial variogram.The results show that:(1)the absolute difference in county-level economy in Shaanxi Province as a whole presents a trend of continuous increase followed by a gradual decrease,indicating that the imbalance in economic development among counties in Shaanxi is beginning to weaken;the relative difference has gone through a process of steady increase followed by a gradual decrease,showing that the economic development among counties in Shaanxi is gradually shifting from imbalance to balance;(2)the county-level economy in Shaanxi Province has a strong spatial dependence,exhibiting a bipolar differentiation pattern of high-high agglomeration areas and low-low agglomeration distribution,with an overall spatial pattern of“stronger in the north and weaker in the south”;(3)the differences in county-level economy in Shaanxi are continuously narrowing,and the structured differentiation caused by spatial auto-correlation is continuously weakening.The southeast-northwest direction has become the main direction of spatial differences in county-level economy in Shaanxi Province;resource endowment,economic location,and regional development policies are the driving forces behind the evolution of the spatial pattern of county-level economic differences in Shaanxi Province.