平台式航空重力仪研制及测试

Development and testing of platform-based aviation gravity instrument

以某型国产航空重力仪为例,介绍了三轴惯性稳定平台式航空重力仪的工作原理、设备组成,以及外场性能测试方法。通过误差模型分析,指出高精度水平姿态保持是进一步提高航空重力测量精度的关键因素之一,并建立了惯性稳定条件下平台旋转结合Kalman滤波误差估计的旋转组合标定方法,在保持惯性元件标校精度的基础上,提高了外场实施的效率。另外,根据航空重力测量的特点,总结了一套包括静态精度测量和动态精度测试在内的外场正式作业前仪器性能评价方法。测试结果显示,该型航空重力仪的静态精度达到0.14×10^(-5)m/s^(2),动态内符合中误差优于0.63×10^(-5)m/s^(2),系统差优于0.23×10^(-5)m/s^(2),达到国外高端航空重力仪指标水平。未来,随着仪器和差分GNSS精度的进一步提高,将开拓其在地震科学领域的应用。

Taking a certain type of domestically produced aviation gravity meter as an example,this paper introduces the working principle,equipment composition,and field performance testing methods of the three-axis inertial stabilizer platform aviation gravimeter.Through error model analysis,it is pointed out that high-precision horizontal attitude holding is one of the key factors to further improve the accuracy of aviation gravity measurement.A rotation combination calibration method under inertial stabilization conditions combined with Kalman filter error estimation is established to improve the efficiency of field implementation while maintaining the calibration accuracy of inertial components.In addition,based on the characteristics of aviation gravity measurement,a set of instrument performance evaluation methods including static accuracy measurement and dynamic accuracy testing before formal field operation is summarized.The test results show that the static accuracy of this type of aviation gravimeter reaches 0.14×10^(-5)m/s^(2),the dynamic internal consistency is better than 0.63×10^(-5)m/s^(2),and the system difference is better than 0.23×10^(-5)m/s^(2),reaching the level of high-end foreign aviation gravimeters.In the future,with further improvement of instrument and differential GNSS accuracy,its application in the field of seismic science will be expanded.