高质量发展视角下我国机电产业出口竞争力研究

Study on the Export Competitiveness of China's Electromechanical Industry from the Perspective of High-Quality Development

在当前复杂多变的国际环境中,我国经济发展正处于由高速增长向高质量发展转变的关键时期。在这一时代背景下,如何有效提升我国出口竞争力的规模、质量和水平,成为亟待研究的重要课题。本文多维客观地测度了我国六个机电细分产业的出口竞争力,采用“熵权+topsis”方法对四个指标进行综合评价,测度出口规模竞争力;采用出口技术复杂度指标,测度出口质量竞争力。研究发现,各机电产业出口竞争力持续高位,内部产业结构不断优化。在竞争力测度结果基础上,采用固定效应模型分析发现,经济复杂度、技术创新对出口规模竞争力和出口质量竞争力均有显著的正向影响。这表明我国机电产业的高质量发展依赖于国内整体产业结构的专业化、多样化和转型升级。因此,我国必须坚持自主创新战略,提升创新投入和转化效率,促进机电产业出口竞争力的不断提升。

In the current complex and changing international environment,China is in a critical period of transformation from high-speed growth to high-quality development.Under the background of this era,how to effectively improve the scale,quality and level of China's export competitiveness has become an important issue that needs to be studied urgently.This paper measures the export competitiveness of China's six electromechanical industries in a multi-dimensional and objective way,and adopts the“entropy weight+topsis”method to comprehensively evaluate the four indicators to measure the export scale competitiveness,and adopts the index of export technological complexity to measure the export quality competitiveness.It is found that the export competitiveness of each electromechanical industry is consistently high,and the internal industrial structure is constantly optimized.Based on the results of competitiveness measurement,the fixed effect model analysis found that economic complexity and technological innovation have a significant positive impact on export scale competitiveness and export quality competitiveness.This indicates that the high-quality development of China's electromechanical industry depends on the specialization,diversification and transformation and upgrading of the overall domestic industrial structure.Therefore,China must adhere to the strategy of independent innovation,improve the efficiency of innovation investment and transformation,and promote the continuous improvement of export competitiveness of electromechanical industry.