生物矿化固沙长效性分析

Long-term effect analysis of bio-mineralization for sand fixation

荒漠化土地大量分布是沙尘天气频发的根源之一。为有效防沙固沙,需要解决两个关键难题,一是把沙尘固定住,防止沙尘飞起;二是长效固沙,提高固沙的长效性。生物矿化方法是解决长效固沙的一种创新技术。通过室内试验和现场验证,证明生物矿化技术实现长效固沙的可行性和适用性。研究包括脲酶活性试验、钙化试验、固沙风蚀试验等,分析了脲酶活性、胶凝液浓度、pH值、灌注次数、灌注量、温度对生物矿化固沙效果的影响,在此基础上提出了生物矿化-植物-栅栏的联合固沙技术体系,并通过生物矿化固沙风洞试验和现场工程固沙效果进行验证分析,验证表明了联合固沙技术体系的固沙长效性。现场晴天进行生物矿化作业的固沙效果最好,更有利于长效固沙。

The large distribution of desertified land is one of the significant causes of frequent sand and dust weather.To effectively prevent and stabilize sand,two key challenges need to be addressed:one is to stabilize the sand and prevent it from flying up,and the other is to enhance the effectiveness and longevity of sand stabilization techniques.Biomineralization technology,as an innovative approach,has been studied to address the challenge of long-term sand fixation.Laboratory and field tests have proven the feasibility and applicability of bio-mineralization technology for long-term sand fixation.The study encompasses tests such as urease activity tests,calcification tests,and wind erosion tests.The effects of urease activity,gelation solution concentration,pH value,perfusion times,perfusion volume,and temperature on sand fixation by the bio-mineralization method were analyzed.Based on these tests,a combined sand fixation technology system of biomineralization-plant-fence is proposed.The longevity and effectiveness of sand fixation using this combined technology system have been validated through wind tunnel experiments and field engineering sand fixation tests.The effect of the biomineralization solidified sand on sunny days is the best in the field and can be more favorable to achieve long effect of the solidified sand.