缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆抗冲击特性及其治理岩爆潜力研究

Impact resistance characteristics of steel pipe shrinkable energy-absorbing bolt and its potential for rockburst mitigation and control

深部岩体非线性大变形特性引发的岩爆灾害一直是岩土工程的世界性难题,严重制约了工程建设的施工进度和工程安全,加强对岩爆防治措施的深入研究刻不容缓。基于钢管挤压变形原理,提出了一种新型的缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆,该种锚杆可在容许较大的变形量的同时提供较高的恒阻力。在前期研究的基础上,通过落锤冲击试验探索了缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆的抗冲击性能。试验结果表明:在整个冲击过程中,缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆的工作阻力稳定在150~180 kN范围内,恒阻特性显著;缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆吸收能量大、效率高,单次可吸收冲击能量为53kJ;在冲击过程中,试件压缩率仅减小了0.54%~1.43%,变形情况较为稳定。缩管式恒阻大变形锚杆具有良好的抗冲击特能,可为地下工程建设过程中岩爆灾害的治理提供有力的技术支撑。

The rockburst disaster triggered by the nonlinear large-deformation characteristics of deep rock masses has been a worldwide problem in geotechnical engineering,severely constraining construction progress and safety in engineering projects.Therefore,it is imperative to intensify in-depth research on rockburst prevention measures.Based on the principle of steel pipe compressive deformation,a novel steel pipe shrinkable energy-absorbing bolt constant-resistance large-deformation bolt was proposed,which can provide a high constant resistance while accommodating a substantial amount of deformation.Building on previous research,the impact resistance of the steel pipe shrinkable energy-absorbing bolt constant-resistance large-deformation bolt was investigated through drop hammer impact tests.The test results indicate that:during the impact process,the working resistance of the steel pipe shrinkable energy-absorbing bolt constant-resistance large-deformation bolt remains stable within the range of 150 kN to 180 kN,demonstrating notable constant-resistance characteristics;the bolt absorbs a significant amount of energy with high efficiency,capable of absorbing up to 53 kJ of impact energy in a single instance;throughout the impact,the compression rate of the specimen only decreased by 0.54%to 1.43%,indicating relatively stable deformation.The steel pipe shrinkable energy-absorbing bolt constant-resistance large-deformation bolt exhibits excellent impact resistance,providing robust technical support for the prevention and control of rockburst disasters during underground engineering construction.