船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of lightweight technology for ship and port equipment

水运是中国社会经济发展不可或缺、不可替代的交通方式。作为水运的主要载体和支点,船舶和港口的发展是水运贸易的重要支撑。面向新一代航运系统“绿色化、智能化、韧性化”的发展需求,轻量化技术已成为船舶与港口装备发展的重要方向。本文阐述了船舶与港口装备的构成、运行环境与结构特点;梳理了船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的发展现状,综合分析了材料轻量化与结构轻量化的技术特征及其应用现状;结合船舶与港口装备轻量化的发展需求,展望了船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的未来发展方向。

Water transportation is an indispensable and irreplaceable transportation in China’s economic and social development.As the main carrier and fulcrum of water transport,the development of ships and ports is an important support for the water transport trade.To meet the demands of the next generation of shipping systems to be“green,intelligent,and resilient”,lightweight technology has become a key focus in the advancement of ship and port equipment.In this paper,the composition,operating environment and structural characteristics of ship and port equipment are described.The development status of lightweight technology for ship and port equipment is sorted out.The technical characteristics of material and structure lightweight technology,combined with its application status are comprehensively analyzed.The future development direction of lightweight technology for ship and port equipment is proposed based on its development needs.