基于主成分分析和聚类分析的切花月季弯梗特性综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of cut rose bent peduncle characteristics based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis

【目的】对切花月季弯梗表型性状进行分析和筛选,并综合评价不同品种的弯梗特性,为矫正不同类型月季弯梗及促进切花月季优质高效生产提供参考依据。【方法】以温室栽培的10个切花月季品种为研究对象,统计不同品种的弯梗率;测定弯梗植株的花朵宽度、花朵高度、萼片下落距离等12个表型性状,统计各指标的变异系数(CV);采用主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析等方法综合评价10个切花月季品种的弯梗特性。【结果】切花月季品种高盛的弯梗率最高,达16.19%,白荔枝弯梗率最小,仅3.44%。气场和苏醒的弯梗萼片下落后变化类型分别为3和2种,其余品种为1种;品种间花朵鲜重等10个表型性状变异系数大于10.00%,各品种弯梗方向无特定方位。已测的12个表型性状中有5对指标间呈极显著相关(P<0.01),5对指标间呈显著相关(P<0.05)。PCA结果表明,茎粗、最大花瓣厚度、花朵鲜重、花瓣数、花朵宽、花盘到第1台叶距离、下落萼片鲜重和花梗高等8个性状载荷量较大,是弯梗特性评价的关键指标。通过隶属函数法对综合评价值(D)排序为高盛>浪漫沙滩>艾莎>夏日恋情>洛神>粉荔枝>苏醒>气场>朱丽叶>白荔枝。聚类分析结果显示供试切花月季品种可分为三大类群,高盛、浪漫沙滩和艾莎具有突出的弯梗特性,D均大于0.650。【结论】10个切花月季品种弯梗植株表型性状变异较大,气场和苏醒弯梗萼片表型变化较多;筛选出茎粗、最大花瓣厚度、花朵鲜重、花瓣数、花朵宽、花盘到第1台叶距离、下落萼片鲜重和花梗高等8个关键指标用于月季弯梗特性评价;获得高盛、浪漫沙滩和艾莎3个弯梗特性较强的切花月季品种,可作为研究切花月季弯梗特性的材料。

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to analyze and screen the bent peduncle phenotypic traits of cut rose,and comprehensively evaluate the bent peduncle characteristics of different varieties of cut rose,so as to provide re-ference for correcting different types of cut rose bent peduncle and promoting the high quality and efficient production of cut rose.【Method】Ten cut rose varieties cultivated in greenhouse were studied,and the bent peduncle rate of different varieties was calculated.The 12 phenotypic characters such as flower width,flower height and sepal fall distance were determined in bent peduncle plants,and the coefficient of variation(CV)of each index was counted.Principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the bent peduncle characteristics of 10 cut rose varieties.【Result】The cut rose variety Gotcha had the highest bent peduncle rate(16.19%),and the White O’Hara had the lowest bent peduncle rate(3.44%).There were 3 and 2 change types of Glamorous and Awakening after bent peduncle sepals fell respectively,and 1 in other varieties.The CV of 10 phenotypic traits,such as fresh flower weight,was greater than 10.00%,and there was no specific orientation in the bent peduncle direction of each variety.Among the 12 phenotypic traits tested,5 pairs were extremely significantly correlated with each other(P<0.01)and 5 pairs were significantly correlated with each other(P<0.05).The results of PCA showed that stem diameter,maximum petal thickness,flower fresh weight,petal number,flower width,distance from disk to the first leaf,fresh weight of falling sepal and height of peduncle were the 8 key indicators for evaluating the characteristics of the bent peduncle since they had large load.According to the membership function method,the comprehensive evaluation value(D)was ranked as Gotcha>Romantic Beach>Jumilia>Summer Love>Goddess of the Luo River>Pink O’Hara>Awakening>Glamorous+>Juliet>White O’Hara.The cluster analysis results showed that the cut rose varieties in the test could be divided into 3 groups,Gotcha,Romantic Beach and Jumilia had outstanding bent peduncle characteristics with D greater than 0.650.【Conclusion】The variation of phenotypic characters of 10 cut rose varieties with bent peduncle plant is great.The phenotypes of sepals in Glamorous+and Awakening bent peduncle have more changes.Eight key indexes,including stem diameter,maximum petal thickness,flower fresh weight,petal number,flower width,distance from disk to the first leaf,fresh weight of falling sepal and peduncle height,are selected to evaluate the characteristics of rose bent peduncle.Three cut rose varieties with strong bent peduncle characteristics,Gotcha,Romantic Beach and Jumilia,are obtained,which can be used as materials to study the bent peduncle characteristics of cut rose.