长三角城市间技术合作演化特征与模式划分

Evolutionary Characteristics and Taxonomy of Inter-city Technical Cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta

技术合作是推动区域协同创新与高质量一体化发展的主要途径与重要支撑。基于联合申请发明专利数据,借助社会网络分析与GIS空间分析技术,对长三角地区2000~2019年技术合作网络时空演化特征进行了分析,并识别其合作模式与演进路径。研究结果表明:(1)长三角城市间技术合作网络扩张迅速,表现出明显小世界性与无标度性,并形成由上海、杭州、南京等少数核心城市主导的梯级规模层级特征,网络向心趋势有所减缓但依旧显著;(2)长三角技术合作网络空间分布极不均质,呈现由沿海向内陆、沿江向两翼递减特征,结构演进存在一定空间粘性与时间惯性;(3)从合作广度与深度视角将城市技术合作模式划分为高广度-高深度、高广度-低深度、低广度-高深度以及低广度-低深度4种类型,空间上呈连续板块拼接特征;(4)长三角城市间技术合作模式演进主要存在升级、转化与锁定3种路径,并依据各模式面临风险提出相应优化方向,以期为建设长三角创新共同体、完善区域创新系统、实现高质量一体化发展提供借鉴与指导。

Technology cooperation is the main way and an important support to promote regional collaborative innovation and high-quality integrated development.Based on the data of joint patent applications for inventions,the study analyzed the spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics of the technology cooperation network in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2000 to 2019,and identified its cooperation patterns and evolutionary paths with the help of social network analysis and GIS spatial analysis techniques.The results showed that:(1)Technical cooperation network in the Yangtze River Delta expanded rapidly,showing obvious small-world and scale-free characteristics,and a hierarchical feature dominated by a few core cities such as Shanghai,Hangzhou and Nanjing.Network centripetal development trend slowed but remained significant.(2)The spatial distribution of the technical cooperation network was extremely heterogeneous,showing decreasing characteristics from the coast to the interior and along the river to the two wings.The evolution of the network structure demonstrated spatial stickiness and temporal inertia.(3)From the perspective of breadth and depth of cooperation,technology cooperation patterns were classified into four types:high breadth-high depth(H-H),high breadth-low depth(H-L),low breadth-high depth(L-H)and low breadth-low depth(L-L),which were spatially characterized by a continuous patchwork of plates.(4)There existed three main paths of upgrading,transformation and locking in the evolution of technology cooperation patterns in the Yangtze River Delta region.The corresponding optimization directions were proposed according to the risks faced by each pattern.This study made attempts to provide reference and guidance for building innovation communities,improving regional innovation systems and achieving high-quality integrated development in the Yangtze River Delta region.