青蒿挥发油的化学成分、生物活性及应用的研究进展

Research progress on constituents,biological activity,and application of Artemisia annua volatile oil

目的对近20年有关青蒿挥发油的化学成分、生物活性以及应用领域的研究进行了全面、系统的综述,为充分利用青蒿挥发油提供参考。方法在Web of Science、Scifinder、PubMed、中国知网和万方等数据库,对2001—2023年的相关文献进行检索,以青蒿挥发油、提取方法、活性、应用等为关键词进行检索,对化合物的种类、活性等进行归纳总结。结果青蒿挥发油的化学成分主要包括倍半萜类、醇类、醛类、酸类、酚类、酯类、酮类,其具有抗炎、抑菌、抗寄生虫、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等生物活性。结论青蒿挥发油呈多样性的生物活性,其中抗菌作用较为显著,可以作为化妆品的祛屑成分,其作用机制还需进一步深入研究。

Objective The comprehensive and systematic review of the research on the chemical constituents,biological activities,and application fields of Artemisia annua L.volatile oil in the past 20 years has been conducted,providing a reference for the full utilization of Artemisia annua volatile oil.Methods Web of Science,Scifinder,PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Wanfang databases were used to look for related references published from 2001 to 2023.These key words of essential oil of Artemisia annua,extraction method,activity,and application were searched,and the compound kinds and activity of the compounds were summarized.Results The chemical components of essential oil from Artemisia annua L.mainly included sesquiterpenoids,alcohols,aldehydes,acids,phenols,esters,and ketones.This essential oil were proven to have antiinflammatory,anti-bacterial,anti-parasitic,antiviral,and anti-tumor biological activities.Conclusion The essential oil of Artemisia annua L.displays diverse biological activities,especially the anti-bacterial effect,which can be used as an anti-dandruff ingredient in cosmetics,however,the molecular mechanism needs to be further studied.