广东省2023年白纹伊蚊成蚊抗药性研究

A study on resistance of adult Aedes albopictus Guangdong Province in 2023

目的研究广东省白纹伊蚊成蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为应对登革热媒介伊蚊抗性发展,提高登革热蚊媒防制效果提供科学依据。方法采用诊断剂量方法,通过成蚊接触筒法测定不同监测点白纹伊蚊成蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗性,比较分析广东省2023年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊成蚊的抗药性结果。结果2023年,17个地市共49个监测点测定白纹伊蚊成蚊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯3种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性,85.71%为抗性种群,14.29%为可能抗性种群。17个地市共45个监测点测定了白纹伊蚊成蚊对残杀威、噁虫威2种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗性,6.67%为抗性种群,53.33%为可能抗性种群,40.00%为敏感种群。7个地市共38个监测点测定了白纹伊蚊成蚊对马拉硫磷、杀螟硫磷2种有机磷类杀虫剂的抗性,92.11%为抗性种群,5.26%为可能抗性种群,2.63%为敏感种群。结论在2023年广东白纹伊蚊抗药性监测点中,白纹伊蚊成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均产生了抗性,对有机磷类杀虫剂产生了普遍抗性,对氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂少部分产生抗性。蚊媒防制工作应坚持以环境治理、蚊媒孳生地处置为主,科学选择和使用杀虫剂。在化学杀灭成蚊时,应减少使用单剂的拟除虫菊酯类和有机磷类杀虫剂,采用复配、轮换等策略应对和延缓蚊虫抗性发展,提高防制效率。

Objective To study the resistance levels of adult Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides in Guangdong Province,and to provide the scientific basis for coping with the resistance development of Ae.albopictus and improving the control effectiveness of dengue vector.Methods The resistance of adult Ae.albopictus to common insecticides at different monitoring sites was measured by the diagnostic dose method,and the results of resistance of dengue vector Ae.albopictus in Guangdong Province in 2023 were compared.Results In 2023,a total of 49 monitoring sites across 17 cities were tested for the resistance of adult Aedes albopictus to three pyrethroids(permethrin,cypermethrin,and deltamethrin).Of these,85.71%were resistant populations,and 14.29%were possible resistant populations.A total of 45 monitoring sites in 17 cities assessed the resistance of adult Aedes albopictus to two types of carbamate insecticides:propoxur and bendiocarb,with 6.67%being resistant populations,53.33%possibly resistant populations,and 40.00%sensitive populations.Furthermore,the resistance to two organophosphorus drugs,malathion and fenitrothion,was measured at 38 monitoring sites in 7 cities,with 92.11%being resistant populations,5.26%possibly resistant populations,and 2.63%sensitive populations.Conclusions In the monitoring sites of resistance of adult Ae.albopictus in Guangdong Province in 2023,all adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes developed resistance to pyrethroids,widespread resistance to organophosphorus insecticides,and less resistance to carbamate insecticides.Mosquito vector control works should focus on environmental control,and mosquito breeding site disposal,with the scientific selection and use of insecticides.In the chemical killing of adult mosquitoes,the use of single-agent pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides should be reduced,and strategies such as combining and rotating insecticides should be adopted to delay the development of mosquito resistance and improve control efficiency.