生物3D打印技术用于功能性骨骼肌3D组织构建的研究进展

Research Progress of Biological 3D Printing Strategy in Three-Dimensional Tissue Construction of Functionalized Skeletal Muscle

骨骼肌作为机体运动系统的重要组成,对维持运动功能不可或缺。然而,体积性骨骼肌缺失(VML)所致运动功能丧失严重限制了机体的活动能力,并伴随多种并发症。当前,临床对VML的治疗主要依赖于移植手术,但其受限于供体部位发病率、供体组织缺乏以及对高技能手术团队的依赖。鉴于此,生物3D打印技术凭借其高效精准的特点,为功能性肌肉的制造以及VML的再生修复开辟了新的途径。综述了生物3D打印技术在功能化骨骼肌组织构建方面的研究现状,回顾了生物3D打印的多种技术方案,探讨了生物墨水在功能性肌肉构建中的应用进展。重点讨论了该技术在构建血管化和神经化骨骼肌仿生组织方面的最新方法,总结了各种3D打印构建的功能化骨骼肌结构对骨骼肌缺损修复的作用,最后分析了现有技术的局限性,展望了生物3D打印功能化骨骼肌结构领域的发展趋势.

Skeletal muscle is essential for body movement,and loss of motor function due to volumetric muscle loss(VML)can limit the ability to move.Transplant surgery is the main clinical approach,however,is still limited by the morbidity of the donor site,the lack of donor tissue,and the need for a highly skilled surgical team.Biological 3D printing technology provides a more efficient and accurate method for the manufacture of functional muscles,and a feasible method for the regeneration and repair of VML muscles.This paper reviewed the research status of biological 3D printing technology in the construction of functional skeletal muscle tissue structure,as well as research progress of biological 3D printing and biological ink in functional muscle structures,mainly focusing on the construction of vascularized and neuralized skeletal muscle biomimetic tissue.The effects of various functional skeletal muscle structures constructed by 3D printing on the repair of skeletal muscle defects were summarized.Finally,development trends and existing limitations in the field were proposed.