气库容积对低温环路热管的影响

Effect of gas reservoir volume on cryogenic loop heat pipes

低温环路热管(CLHP)的气库容积通常为其余部件总容积的30~100倍,重量占比最大.为了实现CLHP的轻量化设计,提高卫星载荷资源的利用率,开展气库容积对CLHP启动与稳态工作特性影响的机理研究.建立CLHP的启动模型和稳态失效模型,开展气库容积对冷凝温度、次蒸发温度和传热热阻等关键参数影响的理论与实验验证研究.结果表明:通过提高次蒸发温度设计值,CLHP实验样机可在气库容积仅为其余部件总容积的11倍的情况下顺利启动;当主热负荷较高时,不同气库容积对CLHP传热热阻影响较小;当主储液器容积一定时,可通过减小气库容积增强主储液器的调节能力,使CLHP稳定运行的热负荷范围增加.

The gas reservoir volume of a cryogenic loop heat pipe(CLHP)is usually 30 to 100 times the total volume of the other components,and its weight accounts for the largest proportion.To realize the lightweight design of CLHPs and improve the utilization rate of satellite payload resources,research was conducted on the mechanism of the influence of gas reservoir volume on the startup and steady-state operating characteristics of CLHPs.A start-up model and a steady-state failure model of CLHPs were established,and theoretical and experimental validation studies were carried out on the influence of gas reservoir volume on key parameters of the condensation temperature,evaporation temperature of the secondary evaporator and heat transfer thermal resistance.Results showed that,by increasing the design value of the evaporation temperature of the secondary evaporator,the CLHP experimental prototype started up smoothly with a gas reservoir volume only 11 times the total volume of the other components.The effect of different gas reservoir volumes on the heat transfer thermal resistance of CLHPs was negligible when the primary heat load was high.When the volume of the primary compensation chamber was certain,the regulating ability of the primary compensation chamber could be enhanced by decreasing the volume of the gas reservoir,thereby expanding the range of primary heat load for stable operation of the CLHPs.