课后服务能提高中小学生的学业成绩吗——基于东中西部6省32个县(区)的调查

Can After-School Services Improve the Academic Performance of Primary and Secondary School Students——Based on 32 Counties(Districts)of 6 Provinces in East,West and Central China

为满足学生多样化的教育需求,促进中小学生身心健康发展,课后服务在中小学全面推行。针对我国6省份32个县(区)的中小学课后服务的开展情况进行调查,探讨学生参加校内课后服务对学业成绩的影响,采用倾向值匹配法来解决选择性偏误的影响,结果显示:在控制了学生个人特征、学校背景和家庭因素等影响后,参加课后服务的学生比未参加课后服务的学生的数学成绩有显著提高;参加课后服务对城乡学生学业成绩的影响存在异质性。基于上述发现,课后服务应在以下方面做出改进:发挥课后服务育人功能,促进学生全面发展;完善激励保障机制,提高教师课后服务能力;保障农村课后服务有效开展,缩小城乡课后服务质量差距。

In order to meet the diverse educational needs of students and promote the physical and mental development of primary and secondary school students,after-school services are fully implemented in primary and secondary schools.This study conducts a large-scale survey on the development of after-school services in some primary and secondary schools in 32 districts of 6 provinces in China,and explores the impact of students'participation in after-school services on their academic performance.The propensity value matching method is used to solve the inference problem of the estimated effect.The results show that after controlling for the influence of students'personal characteristics,school background and family factors,the students who participated in the after-school service had better mathematical attainment than the students who did not participate in after-school service.Significant improvementwhile participating in after-school services has a heterogeneous effect on the academic performance of urban and rural school students.Based on the above findings,this research proposes to fulfill the educational function of after-school services,pay attention to the improvement of encouragement mechanism and guarantee mechanism,and increase efforts to ensure the effective development of after-school services in rural areas,so as to further deepen the positive effects of after-school services on students.