互叶白千层及其挥发物对柑橘木虱行为选择的影响及其应用

Effect of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel and Its VolatileCompounds on Behavior of Diaphorina citriKuwayama and Its Application

柑橘木虱(Diaphorina citri Kuwayama)是危害柑橘嫩梢期的害虫,是柑橘黄龙病的传播媒介之一.田间调查表明互叶白千层(Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel)隔离防护带对柑橘园中的柑橘木虱起到了有效的防控作用.本研究采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了广东省德庆市柑橘园种植的互叶白千层植株的挥发物组分,结合气相色谱-触角电位技术研究了柑橘木虱成虫对互叶白千层精油的触角电位反应,并利用Y型嗅觉仪测试了柑橘木虱对该植物、植物精油及其主要挥发物的行为反应.结果表明,互叶白千层生物型为4-松油醇,挥发物中含有29种化合物.柑橘木虱雌成虫触角对互叶白千层精油中的α-松油烯、 γ-松油烯和4-松油醇均有电生理反应,雄成虫触角对γ-松油烯和4-松油醇有电生理反应.行为反应测试结果表明,柑橘木虱成虫对互叶白千层枝叶具有明显驱避作用,对20μL/mL、 30μL/mL互叶白千层精油以及100μL/mL 4-松油醇亦均具有明显驱避作用,而对0.1μL/mL γ-松油烯具有明显引诱作用.本研究从行为学反应和化学成分等方面深入研究了柑橘木虱和互叶白千层间的关系,研究结果可为利用4-松油醇型互叶白千层防控柑橘木虱以及开发柑橘木虱绿色防控技术提供理论依据.

The Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is an insect pest,which damages the young shoots of citrus and serves as a vector for the transmission of citrus Huanglongbing.Field investigations indicated that citrus orchard with protective belts of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel,could effectively control the Diaphorina citri Kuwayama.The volatile components of M.alternifolia from citrus orchards in Deqing City,Guangdong Province were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Combined with gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection(GC-EAD)technology,the antennal responses of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama adults to the essential oil of M.alternifolia were also studied.The olfactory behavioral responses of Asian citrus psyllid to M.alternifolia plant,plant essential oil,and its major volatile compounds were tested by Y-tube olfactometer.The results showed that bio-type of M.alternifolia was 4-terpineol,and its volatile compounds contained 29 components.The antennae of female Diaphorina citri Kuwayama exhibited electrophysiological responses toα-terpinene,γ-terpinene,and 4-terpineol of M.alternifolia essential oil,while the antennae of male psyllids only responded toγ-terpinene and 4-terpineol.Behavioral response tests indicated that adult Diaphorina citri Kuwayama exhibited significant avoidance to branches and leaves of M.alternifolia,as well as to 20μL/mL and 30μL/mL of M.alternifolia essential oil and 100μl/ml 4-terpineol.However,they were significant attracted by 0.1μL/mLγ-terpinene.The relationship between the Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and M.alternifolia was deeply explored.The study laid a foundation for utilizing the 4-terpineol-type M.alternifolia essential oil to control Diaphorina citri Kuwayama,offering insights for the development of environmentally friendly pest control techniques for this pest.