牛至精油对肉牛生长性能、肉品质及经济效益的影响

Effects of oregano essential oil on growth performance,meat quality,and economic benefits of beef cattle

试验旨在研究不同水平的牛至精油对肉牛生长性能、肉品质及经济效益的影响。选择体重相近、健康的西门塔尔肉牛52头,随机分成4组,每组13个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组、EO10组、EO_(2)0组、EO40组肉牛分别饲喂添加0、10、20、40 g/(头·d)牛至精油的试验饲粮。预试期1 w,正式试验期90 d。结果显示,与对照组比,EO_(2)0组肉牛的平均日增重显著增加了25.84%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低了20.28%(P<0.05),EO_(2)0组肉牛的屠宰率和净肉率显著增加(P<0.05),EO_(2)0组和EO40组牛肉的pH值显著增加(P<0.05),肉色红度(a*)值显著提高(P<0.05),EO_(2)0组剪切力显著降低(P<0.05),EO_(2)0组和EO40组牛肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、顺式油酸含量显著增多(P<0.05),EO_(2)0组牛肉中亚油酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,EO10组、EO_(2)0组、EO40组肉牛的增重收益分别提高了11.24%、25.84%、15.73%,利润分别增加了23.28%、56.86%、1.50%。研究表明,在饲粮中添加20 g/(头·d)的牛至精油,肉牛的生长性能及养殖经济效益较好。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of oregano essential oil on the growth performance,meat quality,and economic benefits of beef cattle.Fifty-two healthy Simmental beef cattle with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with 13 replicates per group and one beef cattle per replicate.Beef cattle in control group,EO10 group,EO_(2)0 group,and EO40 group were fed experimental diets containing 0,10,20,and 40 g/(head·d)oregano essential oil,respectively.The pre-feeding period was one week and the formal test period was 90 days.The results showed as follows:Compared with the control group,the average daily gain of beef cattle in EO_(2)0 group was significantly increased by 25.84%(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased by 20.28%(P<0.05),the slaughter rate and net meat rate of beef cattle in EO_(2)0 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),beef pH value in EO_(2)0 and EO40 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the meat color a*value was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the shear force of beef in EO_(2)0 group was decreased(P<0.05),the crude protein,crude fat,and cis oleic acid concentrations of beef in EO_(2)0 and EO40 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the linoleic acid content of beef in EO_(2)0 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the weight gain income of EO10,EO_(2)0 and EO40 beef cattle increased by 11.24%,25.84%,and 15.73%,respectively,and the profit increased by 23.28%,56.86%,and 1.50%,respectively.The study indicates that adding 20 g/(head·d)of oregano essential oil to beef cattle feed has the better growth performance and breeding economic benefits.