中药复方多糖对肉鸡生长性能、免疫调节及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound polysaccharides on growth performance,immune regulation,and intestinal flora of broilers

试验旨在探究中药复方多糖(TCMCP)对肉鸡生长性能、免疫调节及肠道菌群的影响。选取900只1日龄肉仔鸡,设空白对照组(BCG)饲喂基础饲粮、阳性对照组(PCG)饲喂基础饲粮并添加10 mg/kg盐酸左旋咪唑、不同浓度TCMCP组(0.5%、1.0%、2.0%TCMCPG组)饲喂基础饲粮并添加0.5%、1.0%和2.0%TCMCP。每组设3个重复,每个重复60只,试验期42 d。结果显示,与BCG组相比,0.5%、1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均极显著提高末重(P<0.01);1.0%TCMCPG组极显著提高平均日增重(P<0.01),0.5%和2.0%TCMCPG组均显著提高平均日增重(P<0.05);0.5%、1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均极显著降低料重比(P<0.01)。与BCG组相比,1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均极显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.01),0.5%TCMCPG组显著提高血清中IgG含量(P<0.05);1.0%TCMCPG组极显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量(P<0.01);1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05)。0.5%、1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均极显著提高胸腺指数、法氏囊指数和脾脏指数(P<0.01),极显著提高血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量(P<0.01);使脾组织结构中淋巴细胞数量增多,体积增大。在肠道菌群方面,0.5%、1.0%和2.0%TCMCPG组均极显著降低空肠和盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.01),极显著提高盲肠中乳酸菌数量(P<0.01);1.0%TCMCPG组极显著提高空肠中乳酸菌数量(P<0.01)。研究表明,TCMCP能够提高肉仔鸡的免疫功能,改善肠道菌群结构,提高生长性能,1.0%TCMCPG效果最佳。

The experiment aimed to study the impact of traditional Chinese medicine compound polysaccharides on the growth performance,immune moderation,and intestinal flora of broilers.A total of 9001-day-old broilers were selected.The broilers in the blank control group(BCG)were fed a basal diet,and those in the positive control group(PCG)were fed a basal diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg levamisole hydrochloride,and those in different concentrations of TCMCP groups(0.5%,1.0%,and 2.0%TCMCPG)were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.5%,1.0%,and 2.0%TCMCP.There were 3 replicates in each group and 60 broilers in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed that the final weight of 0.5%,1.0%,and 2.0%TCMCPG groups was extremely higher than the BCG group(P<0.01).1.0%TCMCPG group extremely increased average daily gain(P<0.01),0.5%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups significantly increased average daily gain(P<0.05).The ratio of feed to gain in 0.5%,1.0%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups was extremely decreased(P<0.01).Serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)content in 1.0%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups was extremely higher than the BCG group(P<0.01),and serum IgG content in 0.5%TCMCPG group was significantly increased(P<0.05).1.0%TCMCPG group extremely increased the content of immunoglobulin A(IgA)(P<0.01).Serum immunoglobulin M(IgM)content in 1.0%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).In 0.5%,1.0%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups,thymus,bursa,and spleen indexes were extremely increased(P<0.01),and serum concentrations of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)were extremely increased(P<0.01).The number and volume of lymphocytes in the splenic tissue structure increased.In terms of intestinal flora,0.5%,1.0%and 2.0%TCMCPG groups extremely decreased the number of Escherichia coli in jejunum and cecum(P<0.01),and extremely increased the number of Lactobacillus in cecum(P<0.01).The Lactobacillus number in jejunum was extremely increased in 1.0%TCMCPG group(P<0.01).The study indicates that TCMCP can improve the immune function,improve the enteric microbiome,and improve growth performance,1.0%TCMCPG has the best effect.