牛奶与代乳粉对哺乳期犊牛生长发育的影响及应用策略

Effects of milk and milk replacer on growth and development of lactating calves and its application strategies

随着市场对牛奶的需求量逐年增加,从而使牛奶的价格日益攀高,培育犊牛的成本也随之增加,迫使犊牛饲养方式发生相应的改变。目前应用较多的犊牛饲养模式是饲喂经巴氏消毒后的牛奶,存在易变质且成本相对较高的缺点。与牛奶相比,代乳粉具有成本低、保存方便、疾病传播风险较低、促进犊牛健康发育等优点,在犊牛养殖中的应用越来越普遍,可在一定程度上替代牛奶。文章介绍了牛奶和代乳粉的成分、营养价值及其对犊牛生长发育的影响,并分析了牛奶和代乳粉在实际生产中的应用策略以及各自的优势和局限,就当前犊牛饲养方式存在的不足和未来研究方向进行了讨论。

With the the market demand for milk is increasing year by year,so that the price of milk is rising,the cost of breeding calves is also increasing,forcing the corresponding change in the way of raising calves.At present,the most commonly used calf feeding mode is pasteurized milk,which has the disadvantages of easy deterioration and relatively high cost.Compared with milk,milk replacer has the advantages of low cost,convenient preservation,low risk of disease transmission,and promotion of healthy development of calves.It is more and more widely used in calf breeding and can replace milk to a certain extent.In this paper,the composition,nutritional value and effects of milk and milk replacer powder on the growth and development of calves were introduced,and the application strategies,advantages and limitations of milk and milk replacer in practical production were analyzed,so as to provide reference for healthy breeding of calves.