信阳毛尖茶树根际微生物多样性及促生菌筛选

Diversity of Rhizosphere Microbes and Screening of Growth-promotion Microorganisms From Xinyang Maojian Tea Plant

以信阳毛尖茶树根际土壤为试材,采用高通量扩增测序方法对其根际细菌和真菌进行多样性分析,利用选择培养基、比色、拮抗等方法对分离的根际微生物促生特性进行分析,以期为后续茶树根际微生物菌肥的开发研制提供参考依据。结果表明:根际土壤细菌分属于35门、98纲、222目、378科、707属、1425种,优势菌门主要为变形菌门(32.42%)、酸杆菌门(20.84%)、放线菌门(12.28%);优势菌属主要为慢生根瘤菌属(6.27%)、酸杆菌属(4.48%)、WPS-2(3.45%)。根际土壤真菌分属于7门、27纲、70目、147科、242属、332种,优势菌门主要为子囊菌门(45.97%)、担子菌门(28.21%)和未知菌门(23.64%),优势菌属主要为未知真菌属(23.64%)及子囊菌纲未知菌属(21.34%)。利用选择培养基、拮抗等方法,分离获得了4株具有多种效能的促生菌,其中B25菌株洋葱伯克霍尔德菌具有溶磷和产铁载体能力;F2真菌篮状菌具有溶磷、产铁载体及拮抗病原菌特性;F8真菌链格孢菌具有分泌IAA、产铁载体及拮抗病原菌特性;F9真菌球托酶菌具有分泌IAA及拮抗病原菌特性。

Taking the rhizosphere soil of Xinyang Maojian tea plant as the test material,highthroughput amplicon sequencing method was used to analyze the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi,and the growth promoting characteristics of the isolated rhizosphere microorganisms were analyzed by selection medium,colorimetry,antagonism,in order to provide reference for the development and research of rhizosphere microbial fertilizers for tea plants in the future.The results showed that the isolated bacteria were 35phyla,98classes,222orders,378families,707genera,and a total of 1425species,and fungi were belong to 7phyla,27classes,70orders,147families,242genera,and a total of 332species.The dominant bacterial communities at phylum level were mainly Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota and Actinomycetota,with relative abundance of 32.42%,20.84%and 12.28%respectively,and the dominant genera were Bradyrhizobium(6.27%),Acidobacterium(4.48%)and WPS-2(3.45%).Then,the dominant fungal communities at phylum level were mainly Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Fungi unclassified,with relative abundance of 45.97%,28.21%and 23.64%respectively,and the dominant genera were mainly unknown fungal genera(23.64%)and unknown genera of ascomycetes(21.34%).A bacterial strain B25was screened and identified as Burkholderia cepacia with the ability of dissolving phosphorus and producing siderophores.The F2 strain,which had the characteristics of dissolving phosphorus,producing siderophores,and antagonizing pathogenic fungi,had been identified as Talaromyces sp..The F8 strain with characteristics of secreting IAA,producing siderophores,and antagonizing pathogenic fungi had been identified as Alternaria alternata.The F9strain,which had the characteristics of secreting IAA and antagonizing pathogenic fungi,had been identified as Gongronella koreana.The rhizosphere microorganisms of Xinyang Maojian tea plant had local specificity at the genus and species level,and four growth-promoting microorganisms with multiple efficacy were isolated and screened.