不同茶树品种γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)富集差异分析

Differential Analysis ofγ-Aminobutyric Acid(GABA)Enrichment in Different Tea Varieties

以一芽二叶茶鲜叶为试材,采取厌氧/好氧间歇交替富集技术富集茶鲜叶,对富集前后谷氨酸(Glu)含量、谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)活性、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量、游离氨基酸(FAA)总量和茶叶色泽、香气差异进行分析,以期为GABA高富集潜力茶树品种的筛选提供参考依据。结果表明:8 h厌氧/好氧间歇交替富集处理显著提高了茶鲜叶GABA含量和FAA总量;不同茶树品种GABA富集潜力、富集前后FAA总量及富集前鲜叶GAD活性和Glu含量均以‘白叶1号’显著最高,其次是‘福鼎大白茶’;茶鲜叶FAA总量、Glu含量和GAD活性可作为筛选GABA高富集潜力茶树品种的参考指标。

Taking fresh tea leaves with one bud and two leaves as the test materials,anaerobic/aerobic intermittent enrichment technology was adopted to enrich fresh tea leaves.The differences of glutamic acid(Glu),glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD)activity,γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),total free amino acid(FAA),color and aroma of tea before and after enrichment were analyzed,in order to provide reference for the screening of tea cultivars with high GABA enrichment potential.The results showed that the intermittent anaerobic/aerobic enrichment treatment for 8 hours significantly increased the GABA content and the total FAA in fresh tea leaves.The highest GABA enrichment potential,total FAA before and after enrichment,GAD activity and Glu content in fresh leaves before enrichment were found in‘Baiye 1’,followed by‘Fuding dabaicha’.The total amount of FAA,Glu content and GAD activity in fresh tea leaves could be used as reference indexes for screening tea cultivars with high GABA enrichment potential.