苯教因明学传习基地历史及其现状略述

On the Logic teaching center and monasteries of the Bon Religion

苯教因明学传习基地及其传承方式研究是苯教因明学历史乃至苯教文化研究的重要环节。文章围绕苯教因明学传习基地的形成与发展历程、传承方式与学科内容,对苯教因明学历史与相关寺院现状作了调查研究。研究表明,苯教因明学传习基地是随着苯教竹氏家族为代表的世袭家族建立府邸而兴起,后相继建立以苯教三大寺为核心的诸多寺院,并编撰因明学经典论著,从而形成独具特色的苯教因明学传习基地。文章认为,一是苯教因明学的发展历经前弘期的雏形状态、中弘期的理论构建,以及后弘期独立学科的成型等三个发展阶段;二是在苯教因明学成为一门独立学科的过程中,相继涌现了一批本土因明学家,他们为苯教因明学传习基地的建设和发展作出了突出贡献;三是苯教因明学的传习在西藏文化的大背景下,与印度因明学、藏传佛教因明学等逻辑学科相互吸收、相互作用,逐渐形成了具有鲜明本土特点的苯教因明学学科体系;四是苯教因明学传习呈现出欣欣向荣的发展态势,文中所涉足的叶汝温萨卡、曼日寺、雍仲林寺、巴仓寺、郎依寺、巴青达江泽宗日追等寺院,为苯教因明学的传承与发展起到了重要作用,成为苯教因明学传习基地形成与发展的关键标识;五是苯教因明学作为藏传因明学的重要组成部分,对其传习基地的形成与发展历程进行梳理和探究,必将为藏传因明学研究开拓全新的视角。

Logic teaching center is one of the important institutions of Logic theory teaching.This article,based on a brief discussion on the development of Logic teaching center of Bon Religion and the monasteries where reside Logic teaching center,discusses that the Logic teaching center of Bon Religion occurred during the first and second time periods of religious spread.Specifically,Logic teaching center of Bon Religion started with the successive establishment and improvement of Logic teaching centers in Wonsakha(dben sa kha in Tibetan),Menri(sman ri in Tibetan),Yongtrung Ling(gyung drung gling in Tibetan)by Druje Yongtrung Lama(bru rje gyung drung la ma in Tibetan),Je Nyamme Sherab Gyentsen(rje mnyam med shes rab rgyal mtshan in Tibetan),and Khanchen Nyima Tenzin(mkhan chen nyi ma bstan vdzin in Tibetan).With the dramatic increase of the numbers of Bon monasteries with newly establishment of Logic teaching center,the common and uncommon sciences focusing on Logic teaching developed,and teaching management was systematized since around 20s of the 20th century.Since the early 21st century,a new life occurred with the nunneries obtaining Geshe degree and academic titles.In addition to these,your authors believe that the Logic teaching center and pedagogical methods applied in Bon Religion are important field in academic research on Tibetan Logic.