贵州民族服饰改装:历史脉络、文物实证与必然缘由

Transformation of Ethnic Costumes in Guizhou:Historical Context,Archaeological Evidence,and Inevitable Reasons

特殊的自然地理和社会历史环境,使贵州较好地保存了历史上流行的民族服装,创造了独具特色的贵州原生态民族服饰文化。在不同的历史时期,服饰的款式会根据实际需要和审美观念的变化而发生改变。改装不仅使服饰更为实用、美观,也增强了服饰的艺术装饰性,寄寓着美好的寓意和吉祥的祝福。本文通过梳理文献典籍中记载的民族服饰改装情况,以贵州省民族博物馆馆藏实物为依托,厘清贵州民族服饰改装的历史脉络,阐述不同民族、不同性别、不同类型服饰改装的特点。民族服饰改装是传统礼制文化发展的必然结果,是民族交往交流交融的历史产物,是生产技术进步的具象表现,是社会环境变化的自然选择。研究民族服饰改装,有利于民族博物馆立足馆藏资源,讲好民族文物背后的故事,铸牢中华民族共同体意识,实现民族博物馆高质量发展。

The unique natural geography and social historical environment have enabled Guizhou to preserve traditional ethnic clothing styles that were prevalent in history,creating a distinct Guizhou ethnic original costume culture.Throughout different historical periods,the styles of clothing have evolved based on practical needs and changing aesthetic concepts.Transformation not only makes costumes more practical and visually appealing but also enhances the artistic decoration of clothing,often carrying beautiful meanings and auspicious blessings.By reviewing documented instances of clothing transformations in literature and researching artifacts from the Guizhou Ethnic Museum,this study aims to clarify the historical development of costume transformations in Guizhou.It explores the characteristics of transformations in costumes among different ethnic groups,genders,and categories.The reasons for the emergence of costume transformations are rooted in the inevitable development of traditional ceremonial culture,the historical results through ethnic interactions,the tangible representation of technological advancements,and the natural selection in response to societal changes.Research on the transformation of ethnic costumes is beneficial for ethnic museums to leverage their collections,narrate the stories behind ethnic artifacts,strengthen the sense of Chinese nation community,and achieve quality development of museums.