金融发展对新质生产力提升的影响效应研究

A Study of the Effects of Financial Development on New Quality Pro⁃ductivity Enhancement

发展新质生产力推动经济高质量发展已成共识,发挥金融发展对新质生产力的促进作用意义重大。基于2012—2022年30个省份的面板数据,本文在测度新质生产力水平的基础上进一步探讨了金融发展对新质生产力的影响效应。研究表明:在时序演变方面,中国新质生产力的总体水平及其构成要素的发展水平均呈稳步上升的趋势;在空间分布方面,中国四大地区的新质生产力发展水平虽然存在差异性,但总体基尼系数值由2012年的0.235下降到了2022年的0.216,区域间差距正在不断缩小;在影响效应方面,金融发展水平每提高1个单位即可带动新质生产力水平提升0.026个单位。异质性检验结果显示,金融发展对新型劳动资料以及东中部地区新质生产力的促进作用相对更大。此外,空间杜宾模型估计结果显示,金融发展还存在显著的正外部性,能有效带动更大范围地区新质生产力水平的进一步提升。

The development of new quality productivity to promote high-quality economic development has be-come a consensus,and it is of great significance to give full play to the role of financial development in promoting new quality productivity.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces from 2012 to 2022,this paper further explores the effect of financial development on new quality productivity on the basis of measuring the level of new quality productivity.The study shows that,in terms of temporal evolution,the overall level of China's new quality productivity and the lev-el of development of its constituent elements are both on a steady upward trend;in terms of spatial distribution,al-though there is variability in the development levels of new quality productivity in China's four major regions,the over-all Gini coefficient value has declined from 0.235 in 2012 to 0.216 in 2022,and the gap between regions is narrowing;in terms of impact effects,a 1-unit increase in the level of financial development leads to a 0.026-unit increase in the level of new quality productivity.The results of the heterogeneity test show that financial development has a relatively greater role in promoting new types of means of labor as well as new quality productivity in the east-central region.In addition,the estimation results of the spatial Durbin model show that there is also a significant positive externality of fi-nancial development,which can effectively lead to a further increase in the level of new quality productivity in the wid-er region.