从中国历史上流通货币的演变透视中华民族共同体的形成与发展

Formation and Development of the Community for Chinese nation from a Perspective on the Evolution of Circulating Currency in Chinese History

本文系统梳理中国货币流通史,既重视中原地区货币的主体作用及其对边疆地区的辐射和影响,也揭示民族地区货币流通的特点和贡献,分析各时期货币对中华民族共同体形成和发展的促进作用;指出中国对世界货币发展的贡献。中国货币的发展反映了以中原地区为中心,以汉族为主体,紧密结合各地区共同发展的进程。政权分立时期,各地区或直接使用中原王朝货币,或采用中原货币形制,体现出中原地区在经济、文化上的核心地位及其对各民族地区的影响。民族文字货币或汉文与民族文字合壁的货币,显示出中原地区经济、文化上的主干地位和各民族之间密切的互动交融关系。新中国成立后,人民币成为统一货币,币面文字以汉文和汉语拼音为主体,多种民族文字并存,体现出中华民族共同体意识,增强了各民族的亲和力和向心力。

The study of the history of circulating currency of China is valuable for analyzing the impact of historical currency circulation on the formation and development of the community for Chinese nation.This study highlights the central role of currency in the Central Plains and its expansion and influence in border areas,while also revealing the characteristics and contributions of currency circulation in ethnic regions.China has significantly contributed to the development of world currency.The evolution of circulating currency in Chinese history reflects a process centered on the Central Plains,with the Han people as the main body,closely integrated with the common development of various regions.Even during the periods of political fragmentation,various regions either directly used currency of dynasties of the Central Plains or adopted their forms,demonstrating the Central Plains'central position in both economy and culture and its influence over various ethnic regions.Coins and banknotes featuring scripts from various ethnic groups,as well as combinations of Han Characters and scripts of various ethnic groups,demonstrate the Central Plains dominant position in economy and culture,as well as the close communication and integration among different ethnic groups.The renminbi has been the official unified currency since the founding of the People's Republic of China,featuring Han characters and Pinyin as the primary scripts,alongside multiple languages of ethnic groups as coexisting scripts.This reflects the sense of the community for Chinese nation and strengthens the trends of affinity and solidarity among various ethnic groups.