近代内蒙古畜牧生产环节中的经济往来及其影响——以草场租借、牧夫雇佣与牲畜寄牧为例

Economic Exchange in Modern Inner Mongolia Animal Husbandry Production and Its Influence:A Study of Ranch Lending,Herdsman Employment,and Entrusted Grazing

在近代内蒙古畜牧业发展过程中,除学界已有深入研究的畜产交换与流通外,在畜牧生产环节也有草场租借、牧夫雇佣、牲畜寄牧等诸多经济往来。蒙汉民众在畜牧生产环节的这些经济互动是近代蒙旗逐渐放垦,大量内地民人进入牧区等剧烈变化下,内蒙古地区新旧社会经济秩序,以及农牧生产思想碰撞与交融的产物。其一方面极大推动了内蒙古及其周边地区畜牧业的发展与变革,有助于畜牧现代化的起步与探索;另一方面也促进了蒙汉民众的互动,双方在畜牧生产合作中增加了交往交流交融。

The academic community has focused on the exchange and circulation of livestock in the development of animal husbandry in modern Inner Mongolia.However,during this process,economic exchanges in the livestock production chain encompassed various activities,such as ranch lending,herdsman employment,entrusted grazing.These exchanges emerged from the collision and integration of old and new socio-economic orders,as well as differing agricultural and animal husbandry production philosophies.They were influenced by significant changes,including the gradual reclamation of Inner Mongolia in modern times and the influx of a large number of people from inland areas.On the one hand,these economic exchanges significantly promoted the development and transformation of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia and its surrounding areas,facilitating the initiation and exploration of modernization in the sector.On the other hand,they also fostered exchanges,communication and integration in livestock production between the Mongolian and Han people.