中国油气田开发实践、挑战与展望

Practice,challenges and prospects of oil and gas field development in China

随着国内油气资源劣质化程度加剧、增储上产难度加大、技术要求不断攀升、开发成本持续升高,油气企业保障国家能源安全面临更大的风险和挑战。在此背景下,通过系统梳理了百年来中国油气田开发实践,详细分析新中国成立以来油气储量产量趋势与构成,重新划分了油气田开发阶段。按照陆相、海相、低渗、海洋、页岩油气等角度深入总结了油气田开发理论与技术,聚焦当前油气产业发展面临的勘探开发理论创新难度极大、非常规油气勘探开发技术适应性有待进一步提高、油气开发成本居高不下、资源勘探开发与征地环保矛盾进一步凸显等挑战,提出了相应对策和建议。结合新的发展形势,研究提出了向智能化转型是油气企业发展的根本路径、非常规油气开发将在国内油气开发中占据主要地位、绿色低碳转型是油气企业可持续发展的必然趋势等展望。

Oil and gas enterprises face greater risks and challenges in ensuring national energy security associated with the deterioration of domestic oil and gas resources,greater difficulty in increasing reserves and production,continuously higher technical requirements,and constantly increasing development costs.In this context,the development practice of oil and gas fields in China over the past century is systematically reviewed,and the trends and composition of oil and gas reserves and production since the founding of the People’s Republic of China are analyzed in detail,which enable to reclassify the stage of oil and gas field development.Based on resource types of continental,marine,low-permeability,offshore,and shale oil and gas,oil and gas field development theory and technology are deeply summarized.Furthermore,the targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed by focusing on the challenges faced by the development of oil and gas industry at present,such as the extremely great difficulty in the innovation of exploration and development theories,demands for further improving the adaptability of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development technologies,high cost of oil and gas development,and the increasingly prominent contradiction between resource exploration and development and land lease and environmental protection.Combined with the new development situation,the study proposes that transforming towards intelligence is the fundamental path for the development of oil and gas enterprises,unconventional oil and gas development will occupy a major position in domestic oil and gas development,and green and low-carbon transformation is the inevitable trend for the sustainable development of oil and gas enterprises.