家庭中心护理模式在全身麻醉患儿围手术期护理中的应用进展

Application of family centered care in perioperative nursing of children with general anesthesia

儿童手术中的全身麻醉风险显著高于成年人,术前及术后常伴随不安和焦虑,这对麻醉诱导和复苏过程造成挑战。家庭中心护理模式(FCC)作为一种先进的护理模式,通过积极引入家属参与,有望显著改善全身麻醉患儿的围手术期体验。FCC旨在通过增强家属的参与感,缓解患儿围手术期焦虑,提高麻醉恢复效果,然而,目前FCC在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战,包括环境限制、家属差异、实施时机的安全性等。文章概述了FCC在全身麻醉患儿围手术期护理中的国内外应用现状,探讨其面临的主要问题及解决策略,尽管FCC展现了优化围手术期护理的潜力,但其在实施中的标准化和系统化仍需进一步研究和发展。未来,推动FCC在手术及麻醉复苏领域的广泛应用,将为提升儿童全身麻醉护理质量提供新的方向。

The risk of general anesthesia during surgery in children is significantly higher than in adults,and unease and anxi‑ety are often associated before and after surgery,which poses challenges to anesthesia induction and resuscitation.Family‑centered care(FCC),as an advanced nursing model,is expected to significantly improve the perioperative experience of children under general anesthesia by actively involving family members.FCC aims to alleviate the anxiety of children in the perioperative period and improve the recovery effect of anesthesia by enhancing the sense of participation of family members.However,the FCC still faces many chal‑lenges in practical application,including environmental restrictions,family differences,and the safety of implementation time.This re‑view summarizes the current situation of FCC application in the perioperative period of children under general anesthesia at home and abroad and discusses the main problems and solutions.Although FCC has demonstrated the potential to optimize perioperative care,its standardization and systematization in implementation still need further research and development.In the future,promoting the wide‑spread application of FCC in the field of surgery and anesthesia resuscitation will provide a new direction for improving the quality of general anesthesia care for children.