基于生态网络构建的国土空间生态修复关键区域识别:以粤港澳大湾区为例

Identification of Key Areas for Territorial Ecological Restoration Based on Ecological Networks:A Case Study of the Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Greater Bay Area China

进行国土空间生态修复是新时期生态文明建设和维护生态安全的有效手段。以粤港澳大湾区为例,耦合形态空间格局理论(MSPA)与生境质量评价(InVEST)、电路理论构建生态网络,识别生态修复关键区域。引入空间句法分析生态网络形态结构特征,从“结构”与“功能”角度评价廊道在网络中的重要性,确定优先进行生态修复的关键性空间。结果表明:1)大湾区核心生态源地45处,综合中心性分析划分出关键生态廊道66条、重要生态廊道118条和一般生态廊道112条;2)大湾区生态修复关键区域407.44 km^(2),需优先修复的关键区域177.38 km^(2);广州、深圳、佛山三地是现阶段大湾区生态修复的重点,结合用地类型,提出了针对性修复策略建议;3)在未来规划实践中,首先需重点优化耕地景观格局,其次需进一步依托绿道、碧道、景观林带等城市生态廊道构建城市绿地生态网络衔接大湾区总体生态安全格局。研究结果为大湾区生态修复工作的统筹布局提供有力支撑。

Conducting ecological restoration of territorial space is crucial for ecological civilization and security in the new era.Taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an example,this study combines Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),habitat quality assessment(InVEST),and circuit theory to build an ecological network and identify key restoration areas.Spatial syntax is used to analyze the network's structure and function,evaluating the importance of corridors and determining priority restoration areas.Results indicate:1)The Greater Bay Area has 45 core ecological sources,with 66 key corridors,118 important corridors,and 112 general corridors identified through centrality analysis;2)Key restoration areas cover 407.44 km^(2),with 177.38 km^(2) prioritized for immediate action.Guangzhou,Shenzhen,and Foshan are focal points for current restoration efforts,with targeted strategies proposed based on land use types;3)Future planning should focus on optimizing cropland landscape patterns and further developing urban green space networks through ecological corridors to strengthen the overall ecological security of the Greater Bay Area.These findings provide strategic support for ecological restoration planning in the Greater Bay Area.