基于遗传多样性匮乏的绿孔雀人工孵化策略

Artificial Hatching Strategy for Green Peafowl Based on Lack of Genetic Diversity

随着栖息地的急剧退缩,绿孔雀野生种群数量锐减,预期仍呈负面趋势。开展圈养繁殖,建立人工种群用于再引入(或放归)作为绿孔雀就地保护的补充措施逐渐得到认同。利用机器进行人工孵化是建立绿孔雀人工种群的重要途径。由于遗传多样性匮乏,影响了繁殖适合度,绿孔雀繁殖力及卵孵化力弱,出雏率低。基于这一现实,为快速建立并扩大人工种群,重点探索绿孔雀人工孵化策略,包括及时收集和处理卵,及时入孵,充分翻卵等,在充分利用当前珍贵的种质资源探索最佳孵化温湿度的同时,尽量避免人工孵化过程中的不当操作造成的额外损失,提高出雏率。

With the rapid retreat of habitat,the species of green peafowl(Pavo muticus)has a sharply declining and the negative population trends are projected to continue.As a supplementary measure for in-situ conservation of the green peafowl,the establishment of artificial populations for reintroduction(or release)through captive breeding has gradually gained recognition.Artificial hatching by machines is an important way to establish artificial population of the green peafowl.Due to lack of genetic diversity,reproductive fitness is affected,and the reproductive capacity and egg hatching ability of the green peafowl are weak,resulting in low hatching rates.Based on this reality,in order to quickly establish and expand the artificial population,the strategy of artificial hatching for the green peafowl was mainly explored,including timely collection and processing of eggs,timely hatching,and fully flipping eggs.While fully utilizing the current precious germplasm resources and exploring the optimal hatching temperature and humidity,additional losses caused by improper operations during the artificial hatching process should be avoided as much as possible to improve the hatching rate.