青田县森林火灾应急资源现状及调配优化研究

Current Status and Optimization of Forest Fire Emergency Resources in Qingtian County

分析青田县森林火灾应急资源配置现状及其空间分布,利用青田县林业局提供的森林火灾历史数据和应急资源配置数据,通过ArcGIS软件对资源空间分布进行叠加分析。优化模型基于单一出救点与着火点系统,假设救援车辆数量充足,灭火组合独立运输,车辆平均速度恒定,火场总面积变化率可控,以时间最少和费用最小为目标,确定最佳扑救组合和人员配置。结果显示,青田县共有森林消防队伍44支,总计1327名队员,配备多种防火专用车辆和通信设备。实例分析表明,2022年塘古村火灾中,优化模型推荐的扑救组合使灭火人数增加29%,时间缩短16%;2023年雅岙村火灾中,灭火人数增加30%,时间缩短17%。通过优化应急资源配置和扑救方案,显著提高了扑救效率,减少了火灾损失。提出完善森林防火预警体系,强化林区管理与应急资源配备,优化森林植被结构和基础设施建设等建议,提升整体防火能力和应急响应效果。

This paper analyzed the current status and spatial distribution of forest fire emergency resources in Qingtian County,utilized forest fire historical data and emergency resource allocation data provided by Qingtian County Forestry Bureau to conduct overlay analysis of resource spatial distribution through Arc-GIS software.The optimization model was based on a single rescue point and fire point system,assuming sufficient rescue vehicles,independent transportation of firefighting units,constant average vehicle speed,and controllable fire area growth rate.The model aimed to determine the optimal firefighting combination and personnel allocation with minimal time and cost.The results showed that Qingtian County had 44 forest firefighting teams totaling 1327 members,equipped with various specialized firefighting vehicles and communication devices.Case analysis indicated that for the Tanggu Village fire in 2022,the optimized model recommended firefighting combinations increased personnel by 29%and reduced extinguishing time by 16%;for the Yao′ao Village fire in 2023,personnel increased by 30%and time reduced by 17%.By optimizing emergency resource allocation and firefighting strategies,firefighting efficiency was significantly improved,and fire losses were reduced.The study recommended to enhance the forest fire warning system,strengthen forest area management and emergency resource allocation,and optimize forest vegetation structure and infrastructure to improve overall fire prevention and emergency response capabilities.