开放式创新、动态能力与中小制造企业技术创新

Open Innovation,Dynamic Capabilities and Technological Innovation of Small and Medium-sized Manufacturing Enterprises

开展开放式创新,不仅可帮助中小制造企业克服资源约束,也能降低创新带来的不确定性与风险,对提升中小制造企业的技术创新能力具有重要意义。基于动态能力理论,以2012—2022年沪深A股上市公司中的中小制造企业作为研究样本,采用多元线性回归分析,检验了开放式创新对企业技术创新的影响,并对动态能力的中介作用进行了检验。研究结果显示,开放式创新显著促进中小制造企业技术创新,主要通过吸收能力、适应能力和创新能力发挥作用。异质性分析发现,当融资约束程度较低时,开放式创新对中小制造企业技术创新的促进作用更明显;相较于非高科技行业,属于高科技行业的中小制造企业实施开放式创新对技术创新的促进作用更明显;当市场竞争较强时,开放式创新对中小制造企业技术创新的促进作用更明显。研究结论有助于明晰开放式创新对中小制造企业技术创新的影响机制,为企业和政府从动态能力视角促进技术创新提供参考和借鉴。

Carrying out open innovation can not only help small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises overcome resource constraints,but also reduce the uncertainty and risk brought by innovation,which is of great significance for enhancing the technological innovation capability of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises.Based on the dynamic capabilities theory,this paper took the small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2012 to 2022 as the research sample.The study used multiple linear regression analysis to test the impact of open innovation on technological innovation and the mediating role of dynamic capabilities.The results show that open innovation significantly promotes technological innovation in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises,which mainly functions through absorptive capacity,adaptive capacity and innovation capacity.Heterogeneity analysis shows that when the degree of financing constraints is low,the promotion effect of open innovation on technological innovation of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises is more obvious;compared with non-high-tech industries,the promotion of technological innovation is more pronounced when open innovation is carried out by small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises belonging to high-tech industries;and when the market competition is strong,the promotion effect of open innovation on technological innovation of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises is more obvious.The research contributes to clarifying the influence mechanism of open innovation on technological innovation in manufacturing SMEs,and provides reference for enterprises and governments to promote technological innovation from the perspective of dynamic capabilities.