重庆市≥40岁人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疾病负担变化

Changes in disease burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among residents aged 40 years and above in Chongqing Municipality

目的了解重庆市≥40岁居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的疾病负担及变化,为制定完善COPD防治相关措施提供依据。方法采用SPSS 25.0统计软件分析2014与2019年重庆市COPD流行病学调查和死因监测数据,分析指标包括COPD患病率、标化患病率、死亡率、标化死亡率、早死所致寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)率、伤残所致寿命损失年(years lived with disability,YLD)率和伤残调整寿命损失年(disability adjusted life years,DALY)率,不同性别和地区患病率、死亡率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果2014与2019年重庆市≥40岁人群COPD患病率分别为18.68%与14.37%,COPD标化患病率分别为15.63%与11.67%,2014与2019年男性COPD患病率均高于女性(P<0.05)。2019年农村地区COPD患病率高于城市(P<0.05)。2014与2019年COPD死亡率分别为226.11/10万和217.38/10万,COPD标化死亡率分别为184.90/10万和164.74/10万。2014与2019年COPD死亡率均是男性高于女性(P<0.05),农村高于城市(P<0.05)。2014与2019年≥40岁人群YLL率分别为34.06‰与31.28‰。2014与2019年YLD率分别为36.73‰与29.56‰。2014与2019年COPD DALY率分别为70.79‰与60.84‰。结论重庆市COPD疾病负担重并且呈下降趋势,男性与农村地区居民是COPD防治的重点。

Objective To analyze the disease burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its changes among residents aged 40 years and above in Chongqing Municipality,and to provide a basis for formulating COPD-related prevention and treatment measures.Methods SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the data about epidemiological survey and death registration of COPD in Chongqing Municipality in 2014 and 2019.Indicators such as the prevalence rate,age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR),mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),rate of years of life lost(YLL),rate of years lived with disability(YLD)and rate of disability adjusted life years(DALY)were calculated.Chi-square test was employed to compare the prevalence and mortality rates between different genders as well as between urban and rural areas.Results The prevalence rates of COPD among residents aged 40 years and above in Chongqing Municipality in 2014 and 2019 were 18.68%and 14.37%respectively,and the ASPR of COPD in 2014 and 2019 was 15.63%and 11.67%respectively.The prevalence rates of COPD in 2014 and 2019 were higher in male residents than in female ones(both P<0.05).The prevalence rate of COPD in 2019 was higher in the rural area than in the urban area(P<0.05).The mortality rates of COPD among residents aged 40 years and above in 2014 and 2019 were 226.11/100,000 and 217.38/100,000 respectively,and the ASMR of COPD was 184.90/100,000 and 164.74/100,000 respectively.The mortality rates of COPD in 2014 and 2019 were higher in male residents than in female ones(both P<0.05)as well as higher in the rural area than in the urban area(both P<0.05).The YLL rates of COPD among residents aged 40 years and above in 2014 and 2019 were 34.06‰and 31.28‰respectively.The YLD rates of COPD in 2014 and 2019 were 36.73‰and 29.56‰respectively.The DALY rates of COPD in 2014 and 2019 were 70.79‰and 60.84‰respectively.Conclusion The disease burden of COPD in Chongqing Municipality was serious and showed a downward trend.Male and rural residents are crucial population for COPD prevention and control.