2012-2022年扬州市丙肝流行特征及趋势分析

Epidemic characteristics and trends of hepatitis C in Yangzhou City,2012-2022

目的分析2012-2022年扬州市丙型病毒性肝炎(简称丙肝)的流行特征及变化趋势,为丙肝防控工作提供参考。方法运用描述性流行病学的方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2012—2022年扬州市报告的丙肝流行概况和趋势、三间分布特征、病例分类情况等资料进行分析。结果2012—2022年扬州市共报告丙肝病例3043例,发病率从2012年的3.88/10万上升至2022年的12.19/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=639.375,P<0.001)。报告病例数较多的是宝应县835例,占比27.44%(835/3043),其次是高邮市740例,占比24.32%(740/3043);病例以女性为主,男女性别比为0.85∶1,年龄主要集中在50~59岁组和60~69岁组,占比55.27%(1682/3043);职业以农民为主,占比63.69%(1938/3043)。按照病例分类,以确诊病例和慢性丙肝病例为主,分别占比84.29%(2543/3017)、81.44%(2457/3017),确诊病例占比呈现先下降后上升的趋势。结论2012—2022年扬州市丙肝发病总体呈现上升趋势,存在明显的人群差异和地区差异,应该加强对丙肝高发人群及高发地区的监测,进一步规范扬州市医疗机构丙肝病例报告和病例分类。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and changing trends of hepatitis C(Hep C)in Yangzhou City from 2012 to 2022,and to provide references for Hep C prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data about epidemic situation,trends,time,region and population distribution characteristics and case classification of Hep C reported in Yangzhou City from 2012 to 2022 from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control.Results A total of 3,043 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Yangzhou City from 2012 to 2022,and the incidence rate increased from 3.88/100,000 in 2012 to 12.19/100,000 in 2022,showing an increasing trend year by year(χ_(t rend)^(2)=639.375,P<0.001).Most of the cases were reported in Baoying County,accounting for 27.44%(835/3,043),followed by Gaoyou City,accounting for 24.32%(740/3,043).Majority of the cases were females,with a male-to-female sex ratio of 0.85:1.The patients aged 50-59 and 60-69 years accounted for 55.27%(1,682/3,043).The main occupation was farming,and farmers accounted for 63.69%(1,938/3,043).According to classification of the cases,most were confirmed cases(84.29%,2,543/3,017)and chronic Hep C cases(81.44%,2,457/3,017),and the proportion of the confirmed cases showed a trend of first decline and then rise.Conclusion The incidence of Hep C in Yangzhou City from 2012 to 2022 showed an overall increasing trend,with obvious population and region differences.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of the high incidence populations and areas,and further standardize the reporting and classification of Hep C cases in medical institutions in Yangzhou City.