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2021-2022年安阳市1~79岁健康人群百日咳、白喉和破伤风抗体水平分析

Antibody levels of pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus among healthy people aged 1-79 years in Anyang City,2021-2022
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摘要 目的了解2021-2022年安阳市健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体水平,制定相应免疫策略和防控措施,为控制疾病流行提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,选择2021-2022年安阳市健康人群开展问卷调查并采集血清标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体水平,分析IgG抗体阳性率和中位数浓度(median concentration,MC)。结果本次共调查880名健康人群,百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体总阳性率分别为56.93%、55.91%、46.02%,MC分别为22.65、0.034、0.009 IU/ml;男女性别比为1∶1.48,百日咳IgG抗体阳性率女性高于男性,白喉、破伤风IgG抗体阳性率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义;不同年龄组间百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体阳性率总体差异有统计学意义,白喉、破伤风IgG抗体阳性率随着年龄增加而降低;15岁以下健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体阳性率有免疫史者均高于免疫史无或不详者,且差异有统计学意义;百白破疫苗接种后白喉和破伤风IgG抗体阳性率随间隔时间的延长而降低且差异有统计学意义。结论安阳市健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体阳性率不高,白喉、破伤风IgG抗体水平随着年龄增加而降低,而百日咳在成人时存在隐性感染,建议开展加强接种百白破疫苗、加强监测,降低相关疾病传播流行的风险。 Objective To understand the levels of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus among healthy population in Anyang City from 2021 to 2022,and to formulate relevant immunization strategies as well as prevention and control measures so as to provide a scientific basis for control of the diseases.Methods Using a multistage stratified random sampling method,the healthy people in Anyang City during 2021-2022 were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey and collect serum samples.The levels of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the positive rates and median concentrations(MCs)of the IgG antibodies were analyzed.Results A total of 880 healthy persons were investigated in this study,the total positive rates of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus were 56.93%,55.91%and 46.02%respectively,and the MCs of the IgG antibodies were 22.65 IU/ml,0.034 IU/ml and 0.009 IU/ml respectively.The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.48.The positive rate of IgG antibody against pertussis was higher in the females than in the males,while the positive rates of IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus were higher in the males than in the females,showing statistically significant differences.The overall differences in the positive rates of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus among the groups of different ages were statistically significant.The positive rates of IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus decreased with the increase of age.The positive rates of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus were higher in healthy persons under 15 years old with a history of vaccination than those with no/unknown history of vaccination,showing statistically significant differences.The positive rates of IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus decreased with the prolongation of the interval after receiving the last does of pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine.Conclusion The positive rates of IgG antibodies against pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus among the healthy people in Anyang City were not high.The levels of IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus decreased with the increase of age,and there is inapparent infection of pertussis in adults.It is suggested that pertussis,diphtheria and tetanus vaccination and surveillance should be strengthened so as to reduce the risk of transmission and epidemic of related diseases.
作者 宋凤燕 李园园 张帅琳 张萍 苏云昊 SONG Fengyan;LI Yuanyuan;ZHANG Shuailin;ZHANG Ping;SU Yunhao(Anyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)
出处 《实用预防医学》 CAS 2024年第10期1204-1208,共5页 Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词 健康人群 百日咳 白喉 破伤风 抗体水平 healthy population pertussis diphtheria tetanus antibody level
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