其他感染性腹泻的病原谱构成及其流行现状

Pathogen spectrum composition and epidemic status of other infectious diarrheas

其他感染性腹泻是指除霍乱、痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的,因病原微生物及其产物或寄生虫引起的感染性腹泻,是较常见且发病率较高的传染病之一,属于我国法定丙类传染病,病原体主要由病毒、细菌及寄生虫或真菌等引起,对人群健康有重要影响,尤其是对5岁以下儿童的健康危害较重,目前是全球公共卫生问题之一。我国常见的其他感染性腹泻中,病毒性的主要有轮状病毒、人腺病毒、诺如病毒、札如病毒、人星状病毒等;细菌性的主要有沙门菌、志贺菌、副溶血弧菌和大肠埃希菌等,此外也有少量因真菌和寄生虫引起。本研究通过对我国其他感染性腹泻病原体研究进展情况进行综述,为今后有针对性地开展其他感染性腹泻相关防控工作提供基础依据。

Other infectious diarrheas refer to infectious diarrheas caused by pathogenic microorganisms and their products or parasites except cholera,dysentery,typhoid and paratyphoid fever,which are one of the most common infectious diseases with high incidence and belong to category C infectious diseases in China.Other infectious diarrheas are mainly caused by pathogens like viruses,bacteria and parasites or fungi,which have important negative impacts on the health of the population,especially on children under 5 years old.Currently,they are one of the global public health problems.Among other infectious diarrheas commonly occurring in China,the main viruses are rotavirus,human adenovirus,norovirus,sapovirus,human astrovirus and so on,and the bacteria are mainly Salmonella,Shigella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Escherichia coli.In addition,a small amount of other infectious diarrheas is caused by fungi and parasites.This study summarizes the research progress on pathogens of other infectious diarrheas in China so as to provide a basis for targeted prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea in future.