基于生态智慧的徐家寨山水林田空间保护设计研究

Research on the Protection Design of Xujiazhai's Mountain-Water-Forest-Field Space Based on Ecological Wisdom

文章通过对湖北省恩施州来凤县徐家寨的山势格局、理水机制、林木资源、农田资源四个方面进行探究,解析恩施地区传统聚落的生态智慧要素构成,旨在通过科学规划与合理布局,实现传统聚落自然生态资源的可持续利用与保护,促进当地社会经济与生态环境的和谐共生。研究采用文献分析、田野调查和实证研究等方法,深入探讨在恩施土家族传统聚落的景观环境中,山、水、林、田空间格局蕴含的生态智慧,以及其形成的内在逻辑与形态表征。研究得出,徐家寨拥有丰富的山水林田资源,以及独特的生态资源利用智慧,但面临着资源碎片化、生态环境退化及开发利用不合理等问题。据此,提出科学修复山体、构建生态水景、发展绿色林地产业、转型农旅融合乡村等措施。以期有效保护自然生态资源,提升人居环境质量,助力落实乡村振兴战略,推动传统聚落的可持续发展。

By exploring the four aspects of mountain pattern,water management mechanism,forest resources and farmland cultivation in Xujiazhai,Laifeng County,Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,the study analyzes the composition of ecological wisdom elements of traditional settlements in Enshi region,aiming at realizing the sustainable use and protection of natural ecological resources of the traditional settlements and promoting the harmonious coexistence of the local socio-economics and ecological environment by means of scientific planning and reasonable layout.Literature analysis,field survey and empirical research are used to explore the ecological wisdom contained in the spatial pattern of mountains,water,forests and fields in the landscape environment of traditional Enshi Tujia settlements,as well as the internal logic and morphological characterization of their formation.The study concludes that Xujiazhai possesses rich mountain,water,forest and field resources as well as unique ecological resource utilization wisdom,but faces problems such as resource fragmentation,ecological environment degradation and irrational exploitation and utilization.Accordingly,measures such as scientific restoration of mountains,construction of ecological water features,development of green woodland industry,and transformation of agricultural and tourism integration are proposed,with a view to effectively protecting natural ecological resources,upgrading the quality of the human habitat,helping to implement the strategy of rural revitalization,and promoting the sustainable development of traditional settlements.