基于国产GBAS的咸阳机场CAT II/III精密进近引导飞行试验

CAT II/III precision approach guidance flight verification at Xianyang airport based on domestic GBAS

卫星导航地基增强系统(Ground Based Augmentation System,GBAS),可以提高卫星导航的精度、完好性、连续性和可用性,使飞机在复杂天气和恶劣环境下依然能够实现安全、高效的进近和着陆,满足民航精密进近和着陆引导等高精度导航需求.目前GBAS一类精密进近(CAT I)服务水平已经完成验证和应用,但是其定位精度等服务水平仍不能完全满足民航需求.GBAS二类/三类精密进近(CAT II/III)具有更好的服务水平,其技术和应用仍在开发验证中.为了提高民航运行效率和安全,急需开展基于CAT II/III与CAT III的飞行校验活动.当前GBAS主要采用基于单频GPS的工作模式,在系统可用性、安全性和自主性方面非常受限,因此需要开发自主可控的兼容北斗的GBAS系统.本文设计了飞行校验方案,使用自主研制的国产GBAS设备,设计了飞行校验方案,在西安咸阳机场完成了CAT II/III盲降精密进近着陆引导的GBAS飞行校验.试验结果表明:兼容北斗的国产GBAS具备支持CAT II/III精密进近的能力,并且其性能远超传统仪表着陆系统(instrument landing system,ILS).这一成果的取得为我国航空运输的安全性提供了有力保障.

Ground-Based Augmentation System(GBAS)can improve the accuracy,integrity,continuity and availability of satellite navigation,making it possible for aircraft to achieve safe and efficient approach and landing in complex weather and harsh environment,which can meet the high-precision navigation needs of civil aviation such as precision approach and landing guidance.At present,the GBAS Category I(CAT-I)service level has been verified and applied,but its service level,such as positioning accuracy,still can’t fully meet the needs of civil aviation.The technology and application of GBAS Category II/III(CAT II/III),which have better service level,are still under development and validation.In order to improve the efficiency and safety of civil aviation operations,there is an urgent need to carry out flight verification activities based on CAT II/III.Currently,GBAS is mainly based on single-frequency GPS,which is very limited in terms of system availability,safety and autonomy,so it is necessary to develop an autonomous and controllable GBAS system which is compatible with BDS.This article designs a flight verification scheme,which has completed the GBAS flight verification for CAT II/III blind approach and landing guidance at Xi’an Xianyang Airport by using the domestic GBAS system.The test results show that GBAS compatible with BDS has the ability to support CAT II/III precision approach and its performance is far superior to the traditional instrument landing system.This achievement provides a strong guarantee for the safety of air transporation in China.