北斗星基增强双频服务性能评估方法及飞行试验分析

Performance evaluation method and flight test analysis of BeiDou satellitebased augmentation dual-frequency service

北斗星基增强系统(BeiDou Satellite-Based Augmentation System,BDSBAS)通过B2a信号播发双频增强电文实现同时增强多个卫星星座,为用户提供更为精确、可靠的定位和导航服务.针对民航对BDSBAS在进近阶段定位性能的需求,本文研究了BDSBAS双频定位算法,并基于静态站数据和飞行实测数据从精度、完好性两个方面对BDSBAS双频服务性能进行评估.静态试验数据选取2024年1月17日北京、西安、嘉峪关BDSBAS站的全天数据,飞行实测数据采集于辽宁省沈阳市法库财湖通用航空机场进行的航空试验.静态评估结果表明:评估期间北京、西安和嘉峪关BDSBAS站的定位误差相对稳定,95%水平定位精度优于2 m,95%垂直定位精度优于3 m.水平方向上可用性优于99.998%,垂直方向上可用性优于99.984%.飞行试验结果表明:测试期间水平精度和垂直精度分别为1.8269 m和2.6014 m,且未发生完好性事件.静态和动态评估结果均满足国际民用航空组织(International Civil Aviation Organization,ICAO)APV-I指标对精度和完好性的相关要求.文中研究结果对BDSBAS性能评估具有一定的参考意义.

The BeiDou satellite-based augmentation system(BDSBAS)realizes simultaneous augmentation of multiple satellite constellations by broadcasting dual-frequency augmentation messages through B2a signal to provide users with more accurate and reliable positioning and navigation services.In order to meet the demand of civil aviation for the positioning performance of BDSBAS in the approach phase,this paper researches the BeiDou satellite-based augmentation dual-frequency positioning algorithm,and evaluates the performance of the dual-frequency service of BDSBAS based on the data of the static station and the flight data in terms of the accuracy and integrity.The static experiment data were collected from the BDSBAS site in Beijing on January 17,2024,for the whole day.The flight measurement data were collected from the aviation test conducted at Faku Caihu General Aviation Airport in Shenyang.The static evaluation results show that the positioning errors of Beijing,Xi’an and Jiayuguan stations were relatively stable during the evaluation period.The horizontal positioning accuracy(95%)was better than 2 m;the vertical positioning accuracy(95%)was better than 3 m.Horizontal availability was better than 99.998%and vertical availability was better than 99.984%.The results of the flight test show that the horizontal and vertical accuracy during the test were 1.8269 m and 2.6014 m,respectively,and no integrity event occurred.The static and dynamic evaluation results met the requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO)APV-I indexes for accuracy and integrity.The results of this study are meaningful for the performance evaluation of BDSBAS.