人才集聚对城市宜居性的影响机制和空间效应研究

Research on Mechanism and Spatial Effects of Talent Agglomeration on Urban Livability

在深入实施人才强国战略与稳步推动高质量发展的背景下,研究人才集聚对城市宜居性的影响具有重要意义。文章从城市的基础教育、医疗卫生、娱乐生活、市政设施和环境质量五个维度,构建了城市宜居性的综合指标,并基于2000-2020年260个地级及以上城市面板数据,采用面板固定效应模型和空间计量模型研究人才集聚对城市宜居性的影响。结果显示,人才集聚显著提升了城市宜居水平,且存在正向的空间溢出效应。机制分析发现,人才集聚通过驱动财政收入的增加进而促进城市宜居水平提升。调节效应显示,市场环境、创新环境和金融环境三个维度的营商环境,会放大人才集聚对城市宜居水平的促进作用。文章提出了强化人才集聚效应、加强财政支出倾斜、优化城市营商环境以推动宜居城市建设的政策建议。

Under the background of fully implementing the workforce development strategy and promoting the high-quality development,the study of the impact of talent agglomeration on urban livability holds significant importance.This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index of urban livability based on the dimensions of basic education,healthcare,entertainment,municipal facilities,and environmental quality.Based on the panel data of 260 cities at and above prefecture level from 2000 to 2020,the paper examines the impact of talent agglomeration on urban livability using panel fixed effects model and spatial econometric model.The results demonstrate that talent agglomeration significantly enhances urban livability and exhibits positive spatial spillover effects.Mechanism analysis reveals that talent agglomeration promotes the level of urban livability by driving increases in fiscal revenue.Moderating effect indicates that the business environment dimensions of market environment,innovation environment,and financial environment amplify the promoting effect of talent agglomeration on urban livability.Based on the above research findings,the paper puts forward some suggestions to advance the talent agglomeration,strengthen the tilt of fiscal expenditure,and optimize the business environment to promote the construction of livable cities.